Reason - Jouri

The translation of naturalis ratio (Latin) and Natur der Sache (German). It means the reasoning of things, the logical course of things, and the law of nature. There is a belief that social order is based on such reason, and that law is also based on reason. Article 3 of the Guidelines for Judicial Affairs, No. 103 of the Dajokan (1875) states, "In civil trials, those that have a written law shall be decided by written law, and those that do not have a written law shall be decided by custom, and those that do not coexist with written law and custom shall be decided by inferring reason." There is debate as to whether this rule is currently valid, but this principle is recognized as valid. In other words, when there is a lack of law (lack of law) or when it is unclear, reason serves as a guideline for legal interpretation as a "supplementary source of law."

[Ryuichi Nagao]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

naturalis ratio（ラテン）、Natur der Sache（ドイツ）の訳語。物の道理、物事の筋道、自然の理法を意味し、社会秩序はこのような条理を基礎に成り立っており、法もまた条理をもととしているという思想がある。明治8年（1875）太政官(だじょうかん)布告第103号裁判事務心得第3条に「民事裁判ニ於(おい)テハ成文アルモノハ成文ニ依(よ)リ成文ナキトキハ慣習ニ依リ成文慣習共ニ存セサルトキハ条理ヲ推考シテ裁判スヘシ」という規定があり、これが現在有効か否かは論議があるが、この原則は妥当なものと認められている。すなわち、法則が欠けている場合（法の欠缺(けんけつ)）や、はっきりしない場合に、「補充法源」として、条理は法解釈の指針となる。

［長尾龍一］

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