Shoni Tsunesuke

A military commander in the Kamakura period. He was the eldest son of Sukeyoshi. His posthumous Buddhist name was Jōe. He was the Dazai Shoni and the executive officer of the Dazaifu. He played an active role during the Mongol invasion. He was the shugo of Chikuzen, Buzen, Hizen, Iki, and Tsushima (the so-called Sanzen-ni-jima) provinces. He also briefly became the shugo of Higo and Chikugo during the Mongol invasion, but soon Higo was passed to the Adachi clan, Chikugo to the Utsunomiya clan, and the shugo of Buzen and Hizen to the Hojo clan. In 1285 (Kōan 8), he defeated his younger brother Kagesuke in the Battle of Iwato. This battle was fought in what is now Nakagawa City, Fukuoka Prefecture, and could be called the Kyushu version of the Shimotsuki Incident, with Adachi Yasumori's son Morimune (Higo Shugodai) on Kagesuke's side. However, the battle ended in victory for Shoni Tsunesuke, and most of the territories held by Kagesuke and Morimune were confiscated, creating a golden opportunity for the Hojo clan to allocate reward lands, further strengthening the autocratic rule of the regent. The following year, in 1286, the shogunate established the Chinzei Dangisho in Hakata, and Tsunesuke became its head, along with Otomo Yoriyasu and Utsunomiya Michifusa.

[Junmasa Yamaguchi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

鎌倉時代の武将。資能(すけよし)の嫡子。法名浄恵(じょうえ)。大宰(だざい)少弐・大宰府執行職(しぎょうしき)。蒙古(もうこ)襲来に際して活躍。筑前(ちくぜん)・豊前(ぶぜん)・肥前(ひぜん)・壱岐(いき)・対馬(つしま)国（いわゆる三前二島）の守護。また蒙古襲来期に一時は肥後(ひご)・筑後(ちくご)の守護ともなるが、まもなく肥後は安達(あだち)氏、筑後は宇都宮(うつのみや)氏、さらに豊前・肥前守護職は北条(ほうじょう)氏一門の手に移った。1285年（弘安8）弟景資(かげすけ)を岩門(いわと)合戦で破る。この合戦は現在の福岡県那珂川(なかがわ)市で戦われたが、霜月(しもつき)騒動の九州版ともいうべきもので、景資側に安達泰盛(やすもり)の子息盛宗(もりむね)（肥後(ひご)守護代）が荷担していた。しかし合戦の結果は、少弐経資の勝利となり、景資・盛宗側の所領はほとんど没収されたため、北条氏の恩賞地配分にとって絶好の機会となり、得宗専制はいよいよ強化された。翌1286年、幕府は博多(はかた)に鎮西談議所(ちんぜいだんぎしょ)を設置し、大友頼泰(よりやす)・宇都宮通房(みちふさ)らとともに、経資は頭人となった。

［山口隼正］

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