A field of clinical medicine that deals with children, also known as pediatrics. Its designated specialty is pediatrics. It generally treats children from birth to adolescence. Currently in Japan, pediatrics treats children up to the age of 15 (third year of junior high school). The field of pediatrics can be broadly divided into pediatric pathology or therapeutic pediatrics, which aims to diagnose and treat childhood illnesses, and pediatric health science, which aims to promote the development and upbringing of healthy children. [Pediatrics] Pediatrics is divided into pediatric internal medicine and pediatric surgery, and pediatric internal medicine tends to further differentiate into various specialties such as neonatology, prenatal pediatrics (clinical genetics, congenital anomalies), pediatric metabolism, pediatric endocrinology, pediatric pulmonology, pediatric cardiology, pediatric hematology, pediatric nephrology, pediatric neurology, and pediatric psychiatry. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
小児を対象とした臨床医学の一分野で,小児科学ともいう。標榜科目としては小児科と称する。一般に出生後から思春期までの小児を診療する。現在,日本では15歳(中学三年生)までを小児科で扱っている。小児医学の領域は,小児の疾病を対象としてその診断と治療を目的とする小児病学あるいは治療小児科学と,健康小児の発育と育成とを目的とする小児保健学とに大別することができる。 [小児病学] 小児病学は小児内科学と小児外科学に分けられ,さらに小児内科学は新生児病学,出生前小児科学(臨床遺伝学,先天性異常学),小児代謝病学,小児内分泌病学,小児呼吸器病学,小児循環器病学,小児血液病学,小児腎臓病学,小児神経病学,小児精神病学などの各専門分野に分化していく傾向にある。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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