Shonai River

A river that encircles the northern and western edge of Nagoya and flows into Ise Bay. It is a first-class river. It is 96 km long and has a drainage area of ​​1,010 square km. It originates in the Mino-Mikawa Plateau, and its upper reaches are also called the Toki River. It forms the Tamano Valley (a gorge that cuts through the Palaeozoic mountain range) along its course, and flows through flat areas south of Kozoji. It joins the Yatagawa River in the northern part of Nagoya. The upper reaches of the Toki River are the ceramics regions of Tajimi, Toki, and Mizunami, where factory wastewater flows, and the lower reaches are sewage from Nagoya City, making it one of the most cloudy rivers in Japan. Floods are frequent downstream, and a new river was excavated between the river and the Gojo River during the Tenmei era (1781-1789). In recent years, the river has become clearer, and the area around the river mouth (Fujimae tidal flats) is one of the largest habitats for shorebirds in Japan. In 2002, it was designated a Ramsar Convention wetland.

[Gohei Ito]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

名古屋市の北部および西縁部を取り巻いて伊勢(いせ)湾に注ぐ川。一級河川。延長96キロメートル、流域面積1010平方キロメートル。美濃三河(みのみかわ)高原に源を発し、上流は土岐川(ときがわ)ともよばれる。途中玉野渓谷（古生層山地を切る峡谷）をなし、高蔵寺(こうぞうじ)以南は平坦(へいたん)部を流れる。名古屋市北部で矢田川を合流する。上流の土岐川沿岸は多治見(たじみ)、土岐、瑞浪(みずなみ)などの窯業地帯で工場排水、下流は名古屋市の下水流入で、わが国有数の白濁河川といわれた。下流の洪水も頻繁で、五条川との間には天明(てんめい)年間（1781～1789）新川が開削された。近年は清流化が進み、河口周辺（藤前(ふじまえ)干潟）は国内最大級のシギ・チドリ類飛来地。2002年（平成14）ラムサール条約の登録湿地に指定された。

［伊藤郷平］

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