Antananarivo - Antananarivo (English spelling)

Japanese: アンタナナリボ - あんたななりぼ(英語表記)Antananarivo
Antananarivo - Antananarivo (English spelling)

The capital of Madagascar, located in the central part of southeastern Africa. Formerly known as Tananarive, the city's name means "town of 1,000 people". Population: 1,103,304 (1993 census), 1,275,207 (2018 census). It is located on a hill at an altitude of 1,248 meters overlooking the Betimitatra plain. The climate is hot and humid except for the dry season from May to September. It is the commercial and industrial center of Madagascar, and railways and roads have developed from here, with an international airport 50 kilometers southwest. Most of the industries are light industries, such as shoemaking, leather, soap, edible oil, canned meat, printing, wood processing, tobacco, and flour milling. The town developed around the Royal Palace (Roba) built by Ranavalona III (1845-1917) at the highest point, and includes the artificial lake of Anossi, said to have been built by Radama I (1793-1828), the Baroque palace (now the School of Fine Arts) where former Prime Minister Rainilaiarivony (1828-1896) lived, the Voiron Fort, and the Anglican Church. Other attractions include the Pasteur Institute, various schools, a military base, and an agricultural research station. French, Chinese, and Indians also live in the town. The town's origins date back to the 17th century, when it was founded by a Jovan chief, and expanded during the reigns of King Andrianampoinimerina (1745-1810) and Radama I. Many churches were built after King Ranavalona II (1829-1883) converted to Protestantism in 1870. Furthermore, after the French army invaded in 1895, the city rapidly developed into a modern city under the French occupancy of Governor Gallieni. In 2001, the royal estate of Ambohimanga Hill in the suburbs was registered as a World Heritage Site (World Cultural Heritage).

[Akifumi Hayashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アフリカ南東部、マダガスカル中央部にある同国の首都。旧名タナナリブTananarive。地名は「1000人の人の集まった町」の意味である。人口110万3304(1993センサス)、127万5207(2018センサス)。ベチミタトラ平原を見下ろす標高1248メートルの丘の上にある。気候は5~9月の乾期を除き高温多湿である。マダガスカル島の商業、工業の中心地であり、鉄道、道路もここを基点として発達し、西南西50キロメートルには国際空港もある。工業は製靴、皮革、せっけん、食用油、肉缶詰、印刷、木材加工、たばこ、製粉などほとんどが軽工業である。町は最高所の、ラナバロナ3世(1845―1917)が建設した王宮(ロバ)を中心に発展し、ラダマ1世(1793―1828)がつくったといわれるアノシ人造湖、前首相ライニライアリボニRainilaiarivony(1828―1896)の住んでいたバロック風宮殿(現在美術学校)、ボイロン要塞(ようさい)、アングリカン教会などがある。そのほか、パスツール研究所、各種学校、軍事基地、農事試験所などがある。町にはフランス人、中国人、インド人も居住している。町の起源は17世紀にさかのぼり、ホバ人の首長によってつくられ、アンドリアナムポイニメリナ王(1745―1810)およびラダマ1世の治世に拡大した。ラナバロナ2世(1829―1883)が1870年プロテスタントに改宗してから多くの教会が建てられた。さらに1895年フランス軍が侵入し、同国占領下のガリエニ総督下で急速に近代都市として発展した。なお、2001年、郊外にあるアンブヒマンガの丘の王領地が世界遺産の文化遺産として登録されている(世界文化遺産)。

[林 晃史]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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