Inpon - Inpon

(1) Drama from the Jin and Yuan dynasties in China. At the time, the residences of theater performers were called kouin (gongyuan), and by extension, the performers themselves were also called kouin, but the term means the scripts used in the plays performed in these kouin. The format is said to be the same as Song zaju, but it is said to have been performed by five actors and dealt with a wide range of subjects not limited to humorous comedy, so it can be said to be a transitional stage in which Song zaju developed into Yuan zaju. Over 700 plays are recorded, but all of the scripts have been lost. The performances are depicted in "The Story of Jin Ping Mei" and a few Yuan and Ming zaju, and we can get a rough idea of ​​the outline of the style. After the Yuan Dynasty, Song zaju came to be called yuan-ben to distinguish it from Yuan zaju, and the term is sometimes used more broadly to refer to all types of plays.

[Akira Denda]

(2) In Japan, a printed version containing an entire Gidayubushi piece was usually called shohon or maruhon, but it was also sometimes written as inhon and read as inpon or maruhon. This is because in ancient China, the word inhon was used to mean a play or script, and it is believed that when adaptations of Chinese plays were actively carried out in Kamigata, inhon was understood to mean a script, and the characters inhon were used for maruhon. The book Soubokigen, written in the Kansei period (1789-1801), states that "The so-called joruri version is the inhon version known in Tangshan," which is thought to indicate the circumstances surrounding this.

[Jiro Yamamoto]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

(1)中国、金(きん)・元(げん)代の演劇。当時、芝居芸人たちの居所を行院(こういん)といい、転じて芸人たちをもそうよんだが、その行院の芝居が用いた脚本の意である。形式は宋(そう)雑劇と同じとされるが、5人の役者で上演されたといい、諧謔滑稽(かいぎゃくこっけい)に限られない幅広い題材を扱うようになっており、宋雑劇が元雑劇に発展していく過渡の段階のものといえる。700種余の演目が記録されているが、脚本はすべて失われた。『金瓶梅詞話(きんぺいばいしわ)』や、二、三の元・明(みん)の雑劇に、その上演のようすが描かれていて、おおよその輪郭をうかがうことができる。元以降は、元雑劇と区別して宋雑劇も院本とよぶようになり、さらに広く芝居の類一般をさしていわれることもある。

［傳田　章］

(2)日本では、義太夫節(ぎだゆうぶし)の一曲全部を収めた版本を、普通、正本(しょうほん)または丸本(まるほん)と称したが、別に院本と書いて「いんぽん」または「まるほん」と読むこともあった。これは、中国の古い時代に演劇または脚本の意に院本という文字が用いられたことから、上方(かみがた)で中国の戯曲類の翻案が盛んに行われたころに、院本すなわち脚本と理解し、丸本に院本の字をあてたものと思われる。寛政(かんせい)期（1789～1801）の『草茅危言(そうぼうきげん)』という本に「浄瑠(じょうる)り本と云(いふ)は唐山(とうざん)にて所謂(いはゆる)院本也(なり)」とあるは、そのへんの事情を示すものと思われる。

［山本二郎］

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