Nie'er - Nie'er

Chinese composer. His real name was Shou Xin, and his pen name was Zi Yun. Born in Kunming, Yunnan, he learned to play traditional instruments such as the moon qin and erhu from an early age, and also taught himself to play the piano and violin. He joined the Communist Youth League in 1928, but fled to Shanghai in 1930 due to oppression by the Yunnan government, and in 1931 joined the Bright Moon Opera and Dance Company as a musician and played the violin. He joined the music circle Su Lianzhiyou Society and began composing theme songs for films, and in 1932 he became the music director of Lianhua Film Company, composing under the pen name Nie Er. His compositions include the film theme songs "Biye Song" and "Dal Song," numerous songs, and the new opera "Rainstorm on the Yangtze River." In 1935, as the anti-Japanese movement began to be suppressed, he decided to study in the Soviet Union, but on the way there he drowned while swimming at Kugenuma Beach in Fujisawa City, Kanagawa Prefecture. The song "March of the Volunteers" (theme song for the film "Children of the Storm"), with lyrics by Tian Han, ignited the fighting spirit of the people who rose up in the war against Japan, and is still loved today as the Chinese national anthem.

[Tetsuo Shimura]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国の作曲家。本名守信(シヨウシン)、号は紫芸。雲南省昆明(こんめい)の出身で、幼時から月琴(げっきん)、二胡などの民族楽器を習い、独学でピアノやバイオリンも習得した。1928年共産主義青年団に加入したが、雲南政府の弾圧で30年に上海(シャンハイ)に逃亡、31年「明月歌舞劇社」に入り楽士としてバイオリンを弾く。音楽サークル「蘇聯之友社」に加わって映画主題歌の作曲を始め、32年に聯華映画会社の音楽主任になって、聶耳のペンネームで作曲した。映画主題歌『畢業歌』『大路歌』、多数の歌曲、新歌劇『揚子江(ようすこう)暴風雨』などがある。35年、抗日運動弾圧の手がのび、ソ連留学を思い立ち、その途次日本の神奈川県藤沢市鵠沼(くげぬま)海岸で水泳中に溺死(できし)。田漢(でんかん)の歌詞による『義勇軍行進曲』（映画『風雲児女』主題歌）は、抗日戦争に立ち上がった人々の闘志を燃え上がらせ、現在でも中国の国歌として愛唱されている。

［志村哲男］

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