Extinction - shokyo (English spelling)

Japanese: 消去 - しょうきょ（英語表記）extinction

A term in psychology. Classical conditioning refers to a procedure in which only a conditioned stimulus is presented without reinforcement, while instrumental conditioning refers to a procedure in which no reinforcement is given even if an instrumental response occurs. It also refers to the phenomenon in which a conditioned reflex or response is weakened as a result of such a procedure. For example, when a certain sound stimulus is followed by food to form a conditioned salivary response, and then the procedure is changed to presenting only the sound stimulus and not giving food, or when an animal is trained to receive a reward for pressing a lever, and then the reward is not given even when the lever is pressed.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

心理学用語。古典的条件づけでは強化なしで条件刺激のみ提示する手続をさし，道具的条件づけでは道具反応が生起しても強化を与えない手続をさす。さらに，このような手続の結果，条件反射または条件反応が弱められる現象をもいう。たとえば，一定の音刺激ののち餌を与えて唾液条件反射を形成し，そののち音刺激のみを提示して餌を与えない手続に変えた場合や，てこを押せば報酬を与える訓練をしたのち，てこを押しても報酬を与えない場合などである。

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