Shun

Japanese: 旬 - しゅん

〘Noun〙 ("Shun" is the Chinese pronunciation of "Shun")① One of the annual events held at the Imperial Court in the Middle Ages. It was a ceremony in which the Emperor would hear government affairs from his subjects on the 1st, 11th, 16th, and 21st of each month. At first it was held every month, but later it was held only on the first day of April and October, and the April period was called the Mengxia Shun and the October period was called the Mengdong Shun, collectively known as the Two Meng Shun. On this day, various officials such as the Bishisō, Kanbutsusō, Rokufubansō, and Shonagon Teiryūsō would make presentations, sing and dance, and receive gifts. For example, during the Mengxia Shun period, fans were given, and during the Mengdong Shun period, icefish were given. Also, when the Emperor was not present, it was called Hiraza and was a simplified ceremony, but in later generations it often became Hiraza. It is not held on days such as Ryoan or the anniversary of a person's death, but in the event of a solar eclipse it is held the day after. In addition to the regular shun, there were also temporary shun. When the first of November fell on the winter solstice, the shun of the new moon was held, after the construction of the Imperial Palace, the shun of the new palace was held, and after the accession to the throne, the shun of the new palace was held. Shungi. Shunsei. *Nihonkiryaku - December 16, 907, Engi 7th year (907), "Shun, the Emperor's _Second Southern Palace _" ② The time when plants and other things are in season. Also, the time when seasonal foods such as seafood, fruits, and vegetables are in season. The season when things are ripe and taste the best. *Gyokujinsho (1563), 14, "The vines are in season in autumn and winter." ③ (Derived from ②) The most suitable time to do something. The most prosperous time. *Gyokujinsho (1563), 3, "The wind is in season in August." ④ Season. Season. Jun. ※Wa-Ei-Rin-Shusei (First Edition) (1867) " Shun Hazure"

Jun [seasonal]

〘Noun〙① 10 days. 10 days. Especially, the 10 days when a month is divided into thirds. The first to the 10th is called the first half, the 11th to the 20th is called the middle, and the 21st to the end of the month is called the last half. ※Man'yoshu (late 8th century) 17.3965. Inscription: "Suddenly I sink _and suffer from _a chronic illness, I am in pain for _many seasons, I pray _to the gods, and I gain _the _reward ." ※Konjaku (around 1120?) 12: "Three lay people who are in charge of the hall are pure and enter for ten days each season." [Book of Rites - Kyokurei, Vol. 1] ② A term used when a period is ten years. ※Taiki - Tenyo 1st Year (1144) December 15th "So _I put _on _a robe and gave it to _Takaji _for _five days _to _ward _off the cold." [Bai Juyi - Occasionally recites poetry and presents poems in dreams] ③ = Shun (season) ④ ※Suzukare (1917) <Kubota Mantaro> "It's already winter. ( Omitted) This year, it seems like the seasons are coming earlier than usual."

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙 (「しゅん」は「旬」の漢音)① 中古、朝廷で行なわれた年中行事の一つ。毎月、一日、一一日、一六日、二一日に、天皇が臣下から政務をきく儀式。はじめは毎月行なわれたが、のち、四月と一〇月との一日だけとなって、四月を孟夏の旬、一〇月を孟冬の旬と称し、合わせて二孟の旬という。この日、闈司奏・監物奏・六府番奏・少納言庭立奏などの諸官の奏、歌舞、賜祿などの事があり、孟夏の旬には扇、孟冬の旬には氷魚を賜わるのを例とした。また、天皇の出御のない時は、平座(ひらざ)と称して略儀としたが、後世は多く平座となった。諒闇(りょうあん)・忌日などには行なわれず、日食の際にはその翌日となる。恒例の旬の外に臨時の旬があり、一一月一日が冬至にあたった時は朔冬旦至の旬、内裏新造後には新所の旬、即位後には万機の旬が行なわれた。旬儀。旬政。※日本紀略‐延喜七年（907）一二月一六日「旬、天皇御_二南殿_一」② 草木などの盛りの時期。また、魚介・果物・野菜など、季節の食物が出盛りの時。物がよく熟し、最も味がよい季節。※玉塵抄（1563）一四「蔓草は秋冬がしゅんなり」③ (②から転じて) 物事を行なうのに、最も適した時期。最も盛んな時期。※玉塵抄（1563）三「八月は風のしゅんできぶうあらいぞ」④ 時候。季節。じゅん。※和英語林集成（初版）（1867）「Shun(シュン) ハズレ」

じゅん【旬】

〘名〙① 一〇日。一〇日間。特に、一か月を三分したときの、それぞれの一〇日間。一日から一〇日までを上旬、一一日から二〇日までを中旬、二一日から月末までを下旬という。※万葉（８Ｃ後）一七・三九六五・題詞「忽沈_二枉疾_一、累旬痛苦、祷_二恃百神_一、且得_二消損_一」※今昔（1120頃か）一二「只堂の預の俗三人、清浄にして旬を替て各十日の間入る」〔礼記‐曲礼・上〕② 一〇年を一期とする時の称。※台記‐天養元年（1144）一二月一五日「以_二所_レ著之直衣装束一具_一、給_二高基_一過_二五旬_一、凌_二寒気_一之故」〔白居易‐偶吟自慰、兼呈夢得詩〕③ ＝しゅん（旬）④※末枯（1917）〈久保田万太郎〉「すっかりもう冬めきました〈略〉今年はすこしいつもより旬(ジュン)が早いやうに思はれますが」

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