Born July 19, 1953, in New York. Founder of the global coffee shop chain Starbucks. His father was a truck driver, and he grew up in a low-income housing complex in Brooklyn, New York. After graduating from Northern Michigan University, he joined Xerox in sales. After working for a Swedish-owned household goods sales company, he joined Starbucks, which was a coffee bean wholesaler in Seattle, in 1982. When he visited Milan, Italy, he was impressed by the depth of coffee culture and was convinced of the growth potential of coffee shops (espresso bars) that sold espresso coffee. He decided to go independent and established an Italian-style cafe, Il Giornale. His strong Southern European-style espresso coffee was well received by American consumers who were tired of weak American coffee. After overcoming the threat of a takeover, in 1987, with the help of a Seattle investor, he took over his former company, Starbucks. Advocating an employee-first approach, he adopted an advanced management style, such as becoming the first private American company to grant stock options (the right to purchase company stock) to part-time employees in 1991. In 1992, Starbucks went public. In April 2001, the company acquired the SuperSonics of the National Basketball Association (NBA). In 1996, the company opened its first store outside of North America in the Ginza district of Tokyo. Continuing with his aggressive expansion policy, he has grown Starbucks into the world's largest coffee shop network, with approximately 7,500 stores worldwide (as of June 2004). He is the author of "Starbucks Success Story." Schultz
Schulz, Charles Born: November 26, 1922, Minneapolis, Minnesota
[Died] February 12, 2000. Santa Rosa, California. American cartoonist. He continued to draw the comic strip "Peanuts," famous for the dog Snoopy, for nearly half a century. "Peanuts" has been published in over 2,600 newspapers in 75 countries and in 20 languages, and is loved by readers all over the world. Aiming to become a cartoonist since childhood, he honed his skills by imitating the works of popular cartoonists. At the age of 15, his first work was published in a newspaper, and after graduating from high school in 1940, he studied cartooning through correspondence courses. After World War II, he began his career as a cartoonist, serializing the comic strip "Li'l Folks" in a local newspaper while teaching at an art school. In 1950, he signed a contract with United Features Syndicate. Little Folks was re-titled Peanuts and was distributed in over 400 newspapers by 1958. Related merchandise and books were also published in large numbers. The 1965 animated TV version of A Charlie Brown Christmas won an Emmy Award, and a musical was produced in 1967. Snoopy was designated the official mascot of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). He announced his retirement in 1999. He has received many honors, including the National Cartoonists Society Award (1955, 1964). Schultz
Schultz, Theodore William Born April 30, 1902 in Arlington, South Dakota
[Died]February 26, 1998. Evanston, Illinois. American agricultural and development economist. After graduating from South Dakota State University, he earned his master's degree (1928) and doctorate (1930) from the University of Wisconsin. He taught at Iowa State University from 1930 until he transferred to the University of Chicago in 1943. At Chicago, he served as chairman of the economics department from 1946 to 1961, laying the foundations for the Chicago School's current prosperity, and retired in 1972. He served as president of the American Economic Association in 1960, and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1979. His achievements spanned both the fields of agricultural and development economics, but he is notable for his consistent emphasis on the importance of education and human capital. His many books include The Economic Organization of Agriculture (53), The Economic Value of Education (63), Transforming Traditional Agriculture (64), Investing in People (81), and Restoring Economic Equilibrium (90). Schultz
Schurz, Carl Born: March 2, 1829, near Cologne
Died May 14, 1906. American politician and journalist born in New York, Germany. While a student at the University of Bonn, he was caught up in the March Revolution of 1848 and was forced into exile. He traveled to Switzerland, France, and England before arriving in the United States in 1952. He joined the Republican Party and emerged as an abolitionist. He contributed to A. Lincoln's election as president, and in 1961 he became the Japanese envoy to Spain. During the American Civil War, he served as a brigadier general of the volunteer army in 1962, fighting in the Second Battle of Bull Run, Chancellorsville, Chattanooga, and Gettysburg, and was promoted to major general. After the war, he strongly advocated granting the right to vote to freed blacks. In 1966, he became editor-in-chief of the Detroit Post. From 1977, he served as Secretary of the Interior under President R. Hayes, and worked to reform the civil service system and improve policies regarding Indians. In 1981, he became editor-in-chief of the New York Evening Post, attacking political corruption. In the 1890s, as an editorial writer for Harper's Weekly, he left the Republican Party, supported W. Bryan, and criticized American imperialism's foreign aggression. Schultz
Schultz, Henry Born: September 4, 1893 in Sharkovshchina
[Died] November 26, 1938. American econometrician born in Poland near San Diego, California. At a young age, he studied mathematical statistics literature by P. Laplace, C. Gauss, ES Pearson, and others, and under the guidance of H.L. Moore, he achieved many accomplishments in statistical and empirical research in the economy, contributing to the rapid rise of early econometrics. He became a professor at the University of Chicago in 1926. His main work, The Theory and Measurement of Demand (1938), is generally considered to be the greatest achievement in demand theory before the emergence of modern econometrics pioneered by R. Frisch and others. His other works include "Statistical Laws of Demand and Supply with Special Application to Sugar" (28). Schultz
Schulz, Bruno [Born] July 12, 1892 Dorochowicz
Died November 19, 1942, Drochowicz. Polish Jewish author. He continued to write despite battling illness and poverty, and was eventually murdered by the Nazi secret police. Many of his drafts are lost, but two collections of short stories, Sklepy cynamonowe (1934) and Sanatorium pod klepsydrą (37), remain, leaving him an immortal name in the history of European literature. His beautiful prose, which conveys the unique atmosphere of Eastern European Jewish life and is filled with their unique visions and metaphysical revelations, has been translated into many countries and has won praise. He also left behind a small number of critiques, collections of letters, and translations of F. Kafka. Schultz
Shultz, George Pratt Born December 13, 1920 in New York. American economist and politician. Graduated from Princeton University. Professor of economics and labor relations at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of Chicago. In 1969, he became Secretary of Labor under the administration of Richard Nixon. After serving as Director of the Office of Management and Budget from 1970 to 1972, he served as Secretary of the Treasury from 1972 to 1974. In 1974, he became a professor at Stanford University, and in 1975, he became president of Vector Corporation. In 1981, he became Secretary of State in the Reagan administration. He worked well with the White House and the National Security Council, and served in that position for eight years during the Reagan era as one of the most notable Secretary of State in recent history. Shultz's diplomatic philosophy was "human diplomacy" that transcended ideology and interests. Schultz
Schurtz, Heinrich Born: December 11, 1863 in Zwickau
Died May 2, 1903. German ethnologist from Bremen. He studied the associative bonds of band societies based on sex and age (generation), and published the results in Altersklassen und Männerbünde (1902). He criticized the fundamental bonding patterns of human groups based on blood and geographical ties, which had been emphasized by evolutionary ethnologists up to that point, and provided new insights into the age hierarchy and secret societies in band societies, thereby contributing to the development of ethnological theory. Schultz
Schulz, Johann Abraham Peter Born: March 31, 1747, Lüneburg
[Died] June 10, 1800. Schweth German composer. He was the court conductor of Rheinsberg from 1780 to 1787, and of Copenhagen from 1787 to 1795. He composed many songs with familiar folk-like songs, aiming for high artistic quality, and became the forerunner of the later Lied in the German Romantic period. He also composed Singspiels incorporating similar songs, as well as oratorios and Te Deums. Schultz
Schulz, Walter Born: November 18, 1912 in Gnadenfeld
[Died] June 12, 2000, Tübingen German philosopher. Professor at the University of Tübingen. His main work is Die Vollendung des deutschen Idealismus in der Spätphilosophie Schellings (1955). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
