It means a security that represents the status of the beneficiary based on the trust agreement, that is, the beneficiary rights. The principle of the trust law, which is premised on individual trusts, does not allow the idea of securitizing beneficiary rights. However, by special legislation, Article 6 of the Investment Trust and Investment Corporation Law and Article 8 of the Loan Trust Law allow the issuance of bearer beneficiary certificates for investment trusts and loan trusts, and stipulate that the transfer and exercise of beneficiary rights in such cases must be by beneficiary certificate. Article 2 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law adds beneficiary certificates to the definition of securities. These beneficiary certificates can be made in registered form at the request of the beneficiary, or the registered form can be changed to bearer, but registered beneficiary certificates are merely documents that show the beneficiary rights, and their transfer will not take effect unless the company is notified and the name is changed in accordance with Article 467 of the Civil Code. Currently, the general rule is that securities investment trusts are in bearer form and loan trusts are in registered form. [Takeshi Goto] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
信託契約に基づく受益者の地位、すなわち受益権を表章する証券の意味である。個別信託を前提とする信託法の原則からは受益権を有価証券化するという構想は出てこない。しかし特別立法により「投資信託及び投資法人に関する法律」の第6条と貸付信託法第8条は、投資信託と貸付信託については無記名式の受益証券の発行を認めており、その場合の受益権の譲渡ならびに行使は受益証券をもってしなければならない、と規定している。そして金融商品取引法第2条は、有価証券の定義のなかにこの受益証券を加えている。これら受益証券は受益者の請求により記名式とすることもでき、記名式を無記名式とすることもできるが、記名式受益証券は受益権を表示する証拠書類にすぎず、その譲渡は民法第467条に従って会社に通知し名義変更しなければ効力を生じない。現在では、証券投資信託は無記名式、貸付信託は記名式を原則としている。 [後藤 猛] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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