Zhoushan Archipelago - Zhoushan Archipelago

An archipelago in the East China Sea off Hangzhou Bay, northeastern Zhejiang Province, China. It begins with the Shengsi Islands in the north and reaches the Liuheng Islands in the south, and consists of over 400 islands, including Zhoushan, Putuo, Changtu, Daishan, and Qushan. The largest island is Zhoushan Island, with an area of ​​523 square kilometers. The climate is warm and humid, with an annual rainfall of around 1,400 mm, and typhoons frequently strike from summer to autumn. Since ancient times, the archipelago has been a key point for maritime transportation, and has been known as a port of call for ships traveling between Japan and China since the Tang and Song dynasties. During the Opium Wars, it was occupied by the British army many times. The waters around the archipelago are China's largest fishing grounds, and Shenjiamen on Zhoushan Island has a thriving seafood processing industry. Daishan Island is also an important salt production area. Dinghai District, Zhoushan City, on Zhoushan Island is the center of the archipelago and is home to the administrative offices of the Zhoushan region. Putuo Mountain (Putuoshan) (Putuo Island) on the east side of Zhoushan Island is one of China's three major Buddhist holy sites.

[Kazuo Hayashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、浙江(せっこう／チョーチヤン)省北東部、杭州(こうしゅう／ハンチョウ)湾外の東シナ海にある群島。北は嵊泗(しょうし)列島に始まり、南は六横島(りくおうとう)に至り、舟山、普陀(ふだ)、長塗(ちょうと)、岱山(たいざん)、衢山(くざん)など400余りの島からなる。最大の島は面積523平方キロメートルの舟山島。気候は温暖湿潤で、年降水量は1400ミリメートル前後、夏から秋にかけて台風がたびたび襲来する。古来この群島は海上交通の要衝をなし、唐・宋(そう)代以後、日中交通上の船舶の寄港地として知られた。アヘン戦争時にはイギリス軍によりたびたび占領された。群島近海は中国最大の漁場で、舟山島の沈家門(しんかもん)では水産加工業が発達する。また岱山島は重要な塩の産地である。舟山島の舟山市定海区が群島の中心地で舟山地区の行政公署が置かれている。舟山島東側の普陀山(ふださん／プートゥオシャン)（普陀島）は中国三大仏教聖地の一つである。

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