Shallot - échalot (English spelling) French

Japanese: シャロット - しゃろっと(英語表記)échalot フランス語
Shallot - échalot (English spelling) French

A perennial plant of the lily family (APG classification: Amaryllidaceae). Also called eschalot or Belgian eschalot. It is said to have evolved from onion. It resembles a leek but is much smaller, with hollow cylindrical leaves about 5 mm in size and a height of only 30 cm. The underground stem swells to become a bulb, which divides into several bulbs, each about 3 cm long. The surface is covered with a thin brown skin. In summer, the leaves wither and go dormant, grow thick from autumn, and in early summer the following year, a flower stalk appears, and small white onion-like flowers bloom, but no seeds are produced. It has been cultivated in Europe since ancient times. The bulbs are grated and added to French sauces. It is also used as a spicy vegetable like onion. Young stems and leaves can also be eaten. It was introduced to Japan after the Meiji period, but is rarely cultivated. In Japan, the shallot (eschalot) sold commercially is a type of scallion.

[Hoshikawa Kiyochika January 21, 2019]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ユリ科(APG分類:ヒガンバナ科)の多年草。エシャロット、ベルギー・エシャロットともいう。タマネギから変化してできたといわれる。ネギに似るがずっと小形で、葉は5ミリメートルほどの中空の円筒状、高さも30センチメートルどまりである。地下茎は肥大して鱗茎(りんけい)となり、数個に分球し、おのおの長さ3センチメートルほどである。表面は茶褐色の薄皮をかぶる。夏に葉が枯れて休眠し、秋から茂り、翌年の初夏に花茎を出し、白い小さなねぎ坊主状の花を開くが種子はできない。古くからヨーロッパで栽培された。鱗茎をすりおろしてフランス料理のソースに入れる。また、香辛野菜としてタマネギのように用いる。若い茎葉も食べられる。日本へは明治以後に渡来したが栽培はまれである。日本でエシャロット(エシャレット)と称して市販されているものは、ラッキョウの類である。

[星川清親 2019年1月21日]

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