Jāhiliya (English spelling)

Japanese: ジャーヒリーヤ（英語表記）jāhilīya

Arabic term referring to the state of the Arab world before Islam. Meaning "the age of ignorance and barbarism." Historically, it refers to the period about 150 years before Islam. Arab society during this period was strongly nomadic, and blood-related groups were the basis of social organization. Religion was centered on polytheistic worship, with shamanistic and animistic forms also seen. People gathered at regular markets and then made pilgrimages to holy sites, during which all fighting was suspended, as a principle of order that went beyond blood ties. Mecca developed as one of these holy sites. This period was also the Arab heroic age, characterized by tribal conflicts and long poems with grandiose concepts.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

イスラム以前の時代のアラブの状態をいうアラビア語。「無知，野蛮の時代」の意味。歴史学的にはイスラム前約 150年間をさす。この時代のアラブ社会は遊牧民的色彩が濃厚で，血縁集団が社会組織の基本であった。宗教は多神崇拝が中心で，シャーマニズム的なもの，アニミズム的なものもみられる。定期市に人々が集り，次いで聖地を巡礼し，その間は一切の戦闘行為を休止するのが血縁をこえた秩序原理であった。メッカはそのような聖地の一つとして発展した。またこの時代はアラブ英雄時代でもあり，部族間の闘争と雄大な構想の長詩が時代を特徴づけている。

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