Social mobility

Japanese: 社会移動 - しゃかいいどう（英語表記）social mobility

It means a change in an individual's social status within the general social stratification. According to PA Sorokin, it can be divided into horizontal and vertical mobility, and vertical mobility can be further divided into upward and downward mobility. These types of mobility are generally considered to be cases where the social structure (stratification, occupational structure, and even social system) remains constant, but in reality the social structure is constantly changing, and mobility also occurs due to changes in this structure. This is called structural mobility. Mobility can be divided into intragenerational mobility that occurs during an individual's lifetime, and intergenerational mobility that occurs between an individual and their parents or children. Attention has also been drawn to the relationship between those who have experienced such mobility and the life characteristics of those who have experienced it (mobility effect theory), as well as the relationship between mobility and stratification.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

一般社会的成層のなかにおける個人の社会的地位の変化を意味する。 P.A.ソーロキンによれば，水平的移動と垂直的移動に分けられ，さらに垂直的移動は上昇的移動と下降的移動に分類される。これらの移動は，一応社会構造 (成層構造や職業構造，さらには社会体制) が一定である場合についていわれるが，現実には社会構造は常に変化しており，この構造の変化によっても移動は生じる。これを構造的移動という。移動は個人の一生の間に生じる世代内移動と，個人とその親や子との間に生じる世代間移動とに分れる。またこれらの移動経験者と経験者の生活特徴との関係の問題 (移動効果論) ，また移動と成層構造との関係の問題にも注意が向けられるようになった。

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