Gauze - Sha

Japanese: 紗 - しゃ
Gauze - Sha

A type of tateito (warp threads) that intertwines with one weft thread, this is the simplest tateito (tateito) weave. It is generally woven using two heddles and one tateito (tateito) heddle. There are various types of tateito (golden gauze) such as monsha (monsha), which uses flat or twill patterns on this gauze as the ground, and kinsha (kinsha) which has gold thread woven into it (also called takeyamachi because it was woven in Takeyamachi, Kyoto).

Gauze was scarce in ancient times, with only a few pieces remaining in the Shosoin Repository, but its amount increased over time, and in the early modern period, technology from the Ming Dynasty in China was introduced, and gold gauze began to be produced in Sakai. Gauze, the equivalent of gauze, is the name of a city in Asia Minor, where it is said to have originated and spread to Europe. Gauze can also be seen in peasant clothing such as "asehajiki" in the Tohoku region of Japan, and is also found in many pre-Inca rags, so it is believed to have been a fabric that was produced in both regions during the development of weaving techniques. In Japan, it is used for midsummer kimono fabric, haori fabric, kesa fabric, and sieved silk.

[Kadoyama Yukihiro]

A typical weave of karamiori
©Shogakukan ">

A typical weave of karamiori


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

からみ織の一種で、経糸(たていと)2本が絡むごとに緯糸(よこいと)一越(ひとこし)が交錯したもっとも簡単なからみ織組織である。一般に綜絖(そうこう)2枚と、からみ綜絖1枚を使って製織する。この紗を地として、紋を平(ひら)、綾(あや)などの組織で表した紋紗、金糸を織り込んだ金紗(京都竹屋町で織られたので竹屋町(まち)ともいう)などがある。

 紗は古代に少なく、正倉院にも数点が遺存するだけであるが、時代が下るにしたがって増加し、近世初頭には中国の明(みん)の技術が移入され、堺(さかい)では金紗が生産されるようになった。紗にあたるゴーズGauzeは、小アジアの一都市名で、ここで創始されヨーロッパへ発展したという。また日本でも東北地方の「あせはじき」などの農民服に紗がみられ、プレ・インカ裂(ぎれ)にも多くみられるので、織技(しょくぎ)の発展過程で、いずれの地域でも生み出される組織であったとみられる。わが国では、盛夏の着尺地、羽織地、袈裟(けさ)地、篩絹(ふるいぎぬ)などに使われる。

[角山幸洋]

からみ織の代表的な織物組織
©Shogakukan">

からみ織の代表的な織物組織


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