A device in automobiles that automatically changes torque according to the driving speed and load. It makes driving easier by eliminating the need to operate a clutch and gear lever. There are the following types: (1) This is based on a torque converter, and when the torque converter alone is not able to provide a sufficient speed ratio range, a planetary gear device is incorporated as an auxiliary. This type automatically changes the speed using hydraulic pressure. (2) This is called a hydro-mechanical type, and changes the speed using a hydraulic pump/motor and a planetary gear device. In this type, the transmitted power is divided and passed through the hydrostatic transmission and the planetary gear device, allowing the drive to be performed while complementing the characteristics of each device. The speed ratio and torque are changed by making the volume of the hydraulic pump/motor variable. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
自動車などにおいて走行速度と負荷に応じてトルクを自動的に変換する装置。クラッチと変速レバーの操作をしなくてもすむので,運転が容易になる。次のような方式がある。 (1) トルクコンバータを基本とするもので,トルクコンバータだけでは速比範囲などが十分にとれないような場合,補助として遊星歯車装置を組込む。その変速切替えを油圧によって自動的に行われるようにした方式。 (2) 油圧-機械式といわれるもので,油圧・ポンプ/モータと遊星歯車装置を用いて変速する。この装置では,伝達動力を分割し油圧伝動装置と遊星歯車装置を通し,各装置の特徴を補い合いながら駆動できる。速比,トルクの変換は油圧ポンプ/モータの容積を可変とすることによって達成している。
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