Four Noble Truths - I want to

Japanese: 四諦 - したい
Four Noble Truths - I want to

The central term in Buddhism. It is also called the Four Noble Truths. Satya (sacca) means truth. The most fundamental truth in life is divided into four types, which are called the Four Noble Truths. That is, (1) the truth of suffering is the truth that the reality of life, including the self, is that it is painful and that things do not always go as we want them to, (2) the truth of the cause of suffering is the truth that all suffering arises from our own desires in a broad sense, such as our own worldly passions and attachments, (3) the truth of the cessation of desire is the truth that by cutting off and eliminating those desires, we can be liberated and reach the peace of Nirvana, thereby attaining enlightenment, and (4) the truth of the path is the truth that shows the practice that leads to this enlightenment, and is always based on the Eightfold Path (Right View, Right Thought, Right Speech, Right Action, Right Lives, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration). The Four Noble Truths of suffering, the beginning of suffering, the end of suffering, and the path to salvation have been preached in the scriptures of early Buddhism for a long time, and were considered the most important teachings in Indian Buddhism, especially in the early to middle periods. It is believed that the Four Noble Truths were the first teachings of Shakyamuni Buddha to reflect this.

[Mitsunori Saegusa]

[Reference] | The Eightfold Path

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

仏教の中心となる術語。四聖諦(ししょうたい)ともよばれる。諦(たい)(サティヤsatya、サッチャsacca)とは真理、真実をいう。人生におけるもっとも根本的な真理、真実を4種に分けて四諦の名称がある。すなわち(1)苦諦(くたい)は、人生の現実は自己を含めて自己の思うとおりにはならず、苦であるという真実、(2)集諦(じったい)は、その苦はすべて自己の煩悩(ぼんのう)や妄執など広義の欲望から生ずるという真実、(3)滅諦(めったい)は、それらの欲望を断じ滅して、それから解脱(げだつ)し、涅槃(ねはん)(ニルバーナ)の安らぎに達して悟りが開かれるという真実、(4)道諦(どうたい)は、この悟りに導く実践を示す真実で、つねに八正道(はっしょうどう)(正見(しょうけん)、正思(しょうし)、正語(しょうご)、正業(しょうごう)、正命(しょうみょう)、正精進(しょうしょうじん)、正念(しょうねん)、正定(しょうじょう))による。この苦集滅道(くじゅうめつどう)の四諦は原始仏教経典にかなり古くから説かれ、とくに初期から中期にかけてのインド仏教において、もっとも重要視されており、その代表的教説とされた。なお四諦を釈迦(しゃか)の最初の説法とするのは、この反映によるとみられる。

[三枝充悳]

[参照項目] | 八正道

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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