A lip-reed aerophone used by shepherds in the Alps. It is made by splitting a long piece of wood such as fir, linden, or poplar in half lengthwise, hollowing out the inside, then putting it back together and wrapping it with bark or gut. Most are about 120 cm long, but some are 4 to 5 meters long. In recent years, most mouthpieces are made separately. The instrument is played by combining harmonics from the second to the eighth or higher to create a motif. The opening of the fifth movement of Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony uses a motif that imitates the alpine horn. It has a long history, having been used as a signal for shepherds as early as the 14th century, and was later used to summon churches and during wars. Similar instruments can be found from Scandinavia to Russia, Slavic countries, and High Germany. [Akiko Kawaguchi] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アルプス山地の羊飼いが用いるリップリード式の気鳴楽器。モミ、シナ、ポプラなどの長材を縦に半分に割り、中をくりぬいたのち、ふたたびあわせ、その上を樹皮やガットなどで巻いてつくる。管長は120センチメートルぐらいのものが多いが、4~5メートルに及ぶものもある。マウスピース(歌口)は近年別作りのものが多い。第2から第8ないしそれ以上の倍音を組み合わせて音型をつくり吹き鳴らす。ベートーベン作曲『田園交響曲』第5楽章の冒頭に、アルペンホルンを模した音型が使われている。その歴史は古く、14世紀にはすでに羊飼いの合図用として使われており、その後教会の招集時や戦争時にも使われた。同種のものは、スカンジナビアからロシア、スラブ諸国、高地ドイツに至るまでみられる。 [川口明子] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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