A branch of Christian theology that seeks to understand God through reason alone, not through the direct revelation of Jesus Christ. This indirectly proves that revealed theology is not anti-rational. A typical example is Thomas Aquinas's Summa contra gentiles. It is fundamentally different from 17th-18th century deism in that it asserts the impossibility of reason to understand the essence of God and therefore the necessity of revealed theology. In recent years, dialectical theology by K. Barth and others has denied the possibility of natural theology, but to completely deny this would mean denying theology itself. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
キリスト教神学の一部門。神についての認識をイエス・キリストによる啓示に直接よらないで,理性の能力によってのみ探究していこうとする神学の部門。これによって啓示神学が反理性的でないことを間接的に証明しようとする。トマス・アクィナスの『対異教徒大全』 Summa contra gentilesなどにその典型がみられる (→スンマ・コントラ・ゲンティレス ) 。神の本質認識に関する理性の不可能性と,それゆえ啓示神学の必要性を主張する点で 17~18世紀の理神論と根本的に異なる。近年 K.バルトらの弁証法神学は自然神学の可能性を否定しているが,これを完全に否定すれば,神学そのものが否定されることとなる。
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