Genet - Genet (English spelling)

Japanese: ジェネット - じぇねっと(英語表記)genet
Genet - Genet (English spelling)

In the broad sense, it is a general term for animals in the genus Genetta, family Viverridae, order Carnivora, class Mammalia, and in the narrow sense, it refers to one of these species. The European genet , Genetta genetta , is found in southwestern Europe, the Arabian Peninsula, the eastern Mediterranean, and southern Africa. The species found in southwestern Europe are said to have been introduced by humans. The head and body length is 47 to 58 cm, and the tail length is 41 to 48 cm. It is a small civet with beautiful markings, with a long and slender body, a long head, a pointed snout, and egg-shaped ears. The front and back legs are relatively short. The claws can be retracted into sheaths like a cat, and the walking style is digital. The body hair is short and smooth, with black spots on a yellowish brown or grayish brown background, and a mane-like black hair that can be bristled up along the midline of the back. The tail is tapered and has a black and white ring. Their scent glands are obvious, but are not as developed as those of the civet. They are nocturnal, and during the day they live alone or in pairs in rock crevices or holes dug by other animals. They prey on small mammals, birds, and insects, and are good at climbing trees. Most of them catch their prey on the ground. They do not have a specific breeding season, and can breed all year round, giving birth to 2-3 babies in tree hollows, holes in the ground, or in tall grass. Their lifespan is about 15 years, but there have been records of them living for 35 years in captivity.

There are 11 species in the genet genus, all of which are distributed in Africa except for the European genet. In southern Africa, there is the tigrina genet, which is very similar to the European genet but has a yellowish base color and larger markings.

[Yoshiyuki Mizuko]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

広義には哺乳(ほにゅう)綱食肉目ジャコウネコ科ジェネット属に含まれる動物の総称で、狭義にはそのうちの1種をさす。狭義のジェネットであるヨーロッパジェネットGenetta genettaはヨーロッパ南西部、アラビア半島、地中海東部からアフリカ南部まで分布する。ヨーロッパ南西部に分布するものは人間によって移入されたものといわれる。頭胴長47~58センチメートル、尾長41~48センチメートル。斑紋(はんもん)が美しい小形のジャコウネコで、体が細長く、長い頭、とがった吻(ふん)および卵形の耳介をもつ。前後肢は比較的短い。つめはネコのように鞘(さや)に引っ込めることができ、歩き方は指行性である。体毛は短く、滑らかで、黄褐色または灰褐色の地色に黒斑があり、背の正中線上に逆立てることができるたてがみ状の黒色毛がある。尾は先が細く、黒白の輪がある。臭腺(しゅうせん)は明らかであるが、ジャコウネコほど発達しない。夜行性で、日中は岩の割れ目やほかの動物が掘った穴に単独または1対ですむ。小獣類、鳥類、昆虫などを捕食し、木登りがうまい。多くは獲物を地上でとらえる。特定の繁殖期はなく、年じゅう繁殖可能で1産2~3子を樹洞、地中の穴、高い草むらなどに産む。寿命は約15年であるが、飼育下で35年の記録がある。

 ジェネット属には11種があり、ヨーロッパジェネットのほかはすべてアフリカに分布する。アフリカ南部にはヨーロッパジェネットによく似るが地色が黄色に富み、斑紋が大きいトラフジェネットG. tigrinaがいる。

[吉行瑞子]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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