Shandong Peninsula - Santouhantou

A peninsula in the eastern part of Shandong Province, China. It extends northeast from the Jiala River valley, which connects Laizhou Bay in the north and Jiaozhou Bay in the south. Together with the Liaodong Peninsula in the northeast, it separates the Bohai Sea in the north from the Yellow Sea in the south. The highest point is Mount Lao (1,130 meters) east of Qingdao, and except for Mount Kunyu (923 meters) southeast of Yantai and Mount Ai (818 meters) north of Laiyang, the area is dominated by gently undulating granite hills with an elevation of less than 500 meters. Narrow intermountain basins can be seen between the hills. The coastline is complex, with many drowned valleys and bays. As a result, good ports and fishing ports such as Qingdao and Yantai have developed. The northern side of the peninsula is affected by the seasonal winds in winter and is often subject to low temperatures, but the southern side is warm, and Laoshan and other areas are used as health resorts. Overall, the North China region has a relatively humid climate. A two-crop system based mainly on wheat and corn is possible, and fruit trees such as pears and apples, as well as peanuts and Chinese cabbage, are cultivated, and tussah silkworm cocoons are a specialty product. Saltworks have also developed along the coast, especially along Jiaozhou Bay.

[Shoichi Komai]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、山東省東部の半島。北の莱州(らいしゅう／ライチョウ)湾と南の膠州(こうしゅう／チヤオチョウ)湾とを結ぶ膠莱河河谷より北東に延びる。北東の遼東(りょうとう／リヤオトン)半島とともに北の渤海(ぼっかい／ポーハイ)と南の黄海(こうかい／ホワンハイ)とを分ける。最高点は青島(チンタオ)東方の嶗(ろう)山（1130メートル）で、煙台(えんだい／イエンタイ)南東の崑(こんゆ)山（923メートル）、莱陽(らいよう／ライヤン)北方の艾(がい)山（818メートル）を除けば、標高ほぼ500メートル以下の起伏の緩やかな花崗岩(かこうがん)質の丘陵が続く。丘陵の間には狭い山間盆地がみられる。海岸線は複雑で、溺れ谷(おぼれだに)や湾が多い。そのため、青島、煙台などの良港や漁港が発達している。半島の北側は冬には季節風の影響を受け、低温にみまわれることが多いが、南側は温暖で、嶗山などは保養地とされる。全体に華北地区では比較的湿潤な気候を示す。小麦、トウモロコシを主体にした一年二作制が可能で、ナシ、リンゴなどの果樹やラッカセイ、ハクサイを栽培、柞蚕(さくさん)の繭は特産である。膠州湾岸をはじめ沿岸部では製塩場も発達する。

［駒井正一］

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