Sanjo Sanetsumu

A nobleman in the late Edo period. Born in Kyoto on February 15, 1812, as the son of Sanjo Kinnobu of the Seigake family. His childhood name was Chiyomaro. He served as Gon Dainagon in 1824 (Bunsei 7), Gisou in 1831 (Tenpo 2), Buke Denso in 1848 (Kaei 1), and Naidaijin in 1857 (Ansei 4). When the issue of imperial approval of the Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan arose the following year, he moved the Imperial Council in opposition to the approval, and in the issue of the succession to the Shogun that occurred around the same time, he supported Hitotsubashi Yoshinobu, becoming a central figure in the Hitotsubashi faction within the Imperial Court. When the Chief Advisor Ii Naosuke forced the signing of the treaty without imperial sanction, he worked hard to issue an imperial edict to the Mito family in opposition to it, and campaigned to expel the pro-Shogunate Chancellor Kujo Hisatada. As a result, he was implicated in the Ansei Purge, and in 1859 he was made a priest and sentenced to humility, and died of an illness on October 6 of the same year.

[Toshihiko Mori]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

幕末の公卿(くぎょう)。享和(きょうわ)2年2月15日清華家(せいがけ)三条公修(きんのぶ)の子として京都に生まれる。幼名千代麿(ちよまろ)。1824年（文政7）権大納言(ごんだいなごん)、31年（天保2）議奏(ぎそう)、48年（嘉永1）武家伝奏(でんそう)、57年（安政4）内大臣を歴任。翌58年日米修好通商条約の勅許問題が生じると勅許反対の立場で朝議を動かし、また前後しておきた将軍継嗣(けいし)問題では一橋慶喜(ひとつばしよしのぶ)を推し、朝廷内の一橋派の中心人物となった。大老井伊直弼(いいなおすけ)が条約無勅許調印を強行すると、それに対抗して水戸(みと)家への勅諚(ちょくじょう)発出に尽力し、佐幕派の関白九条尚忠(くじょうひさただ)の排斥運動を行った。そのため安政(あんせい)の大獄に連座し、59年落飾、慎(つつしみ)に処せられ、同年10月6日病死した。

［毛利敏彦］

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