...This is why the Turkish tulip, which is said to be the ancestor of the current cultivated species, is called T. gesneriana . Then, in 1693, French botanist Clusius (1526-1609) was appointed to Leiden University, where he cultivated beautiful flowers and became the founder of the local bulb industry. Since then, the creation of tulip varieties quickly became popular in the Netherlands and became the subject of outrageous speculation. The craze from 1634 to 1637 in particular was called the "Tulpenwoede," and the government of the time dealt with it with severe penalties, so the frenzy subsided. ... From [Botanical Medicine]…P. Dioscorides' De materia medica, which lists about 600 plants and their uses, was published in the 1st century and became the standard for botanical medicine for a long time. After that, there were no notable achievements except for Albertus Magnus' De vegetabilibus in the 13th century, but in the 16th century, O. Brunfels, L. Fuchs, C. de Clusius, and others published illustrations of plants in the form of additional corrections to Dioscorides, and A. Cesalpino's De plantis libri was compiled at the end of the 16th century. While V. Cordus and G. Bauhin were perfecting botany as pharmacology, J. Ray and J. de Tournefort established the concepts of species and genus from the end of the 17th century to the beginning of the 18th century, and in the 18th century Linnaeus began to lay the foundations for modern botany. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Clusius, C.de" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…現在の栽培種の原種といわれるトルコ産のチューリップがT.gesnerianaと呼ばれるゆえんである。続いて93年にフランスの植物研究家クルシウスC.Clusius(1526‐1609)がライデン大学に赴任し,美麗な花を栽培してこの地の球根産業の祖となって以来,オランダではチューリップの変種作りはまたたく間に流行し法外な投機の対象になった。とくに1634‐37年の熱狂は〈チューリップ狂騒事件Tulpenwoede〉と呼ばれ,時の政府はこれに対し厳罰をもって対処したので,さしもの狂騒も鎮静した。… 【本草学】より…P.ディオスコリデスの《薬物誌De materia medica》には約600種の植物とその用法が記され,1世紀に公にされてから長いあいだ植物薬学の基準となっていた。その後,13世紀のアルベルトゥス・マグヌスの《植物論De vegetabilibus》を除けばめぼしい業績はなかったが,16世紀に至ってディオスコリデスの追加訂正の形でブルンフェルスO.Brunfels,フックスL.Fuchs,クルシウスC.de Clusiusらの植物の図解が次々と世に出たほか,16世紀末にはA.チェザルピーノの《植物学De plantis libri》がまとめられた。コルドゥスV.CordusやボーアンG.Bauhinらが薬物学としての植物学を大成させていくのと並行して,17世紀末から18世紀初頭にかけて,レイJ.RayやトゥルヌフォールJ.P.de Tournefortが種や属の概念を確立し,18世紀のリンネによる近代植物学への基礎固めが始められることになる。… ※「Clusius,C.de」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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