Thalidomide - Thalidomide

Japanese: サリドマイド - さりどまいど(英語表記)thalidomide
Thalidomide - Thalidomide
The name of a sleeping pill released in 1957 by Grünenthal, a pharmaceutical company in the former West Germany. In Japan, Dainippon Pharmaceutical (now Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma) began selling the thalidomide preparation "Isomi" as a sleeping pill on January 20, 1958. In August 1960, they also released "Proban M," an stomach medicine containing thalidomide. It was used to prevent morning sickness in pregnant women. However, after pregnant women who had taken thalidomide gave birth to children with disabilities such as "phocomelia," sales were suspended in May 1962 and the drug was recalled in September. Meanwhile, in West Germany, where congenital deformities such as "phocomelia" began to be reported shortly after the drug's release in 1958, the drug was recalled and sales suspended in Japan in 1961 following a warning from pediatrician W. Lenz, who claimed that thalidomide was responsible. In contrast, in Japan, the damage is said to have been exacerbated by the delay in recalling and suspending sales of the product due to the view that there was an "unclear connection," resulting in 1,000 to 1,200 victims (309 of whom were officially recognized as victims).
Thus, thalidomide once disappeared from the world, but in recent years, its diverse medicinal properties have been drawing attention. It is said to be effective against AIDS and various cancers, and in 1998, it was officially approved in the United States as a specific drug for the treatment of Hansen's disease. In addition, its effectiveness against multiple myeloma was revealed, and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare reapproved thalidomide preparations as a treatment for "relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma" on October 16, 2008. However, in order to prevent drug-related damage, the approval was subject to the following conditions: (1) the "Thalidomide Preparation Safety Management Procedures" must be properly observed; (2) the drug must be administered only to cases where it is deemed appropriate, under the supervision of a doctor with sufficient knowledge and experience, at a medical facility that can adequately respond to emergencies; and (3) a usage survey must be conducted on all cases, and the results must be made public on a regular basis. The drug is scheduled to be released by Fujimoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. in February 2009 under the trade name "Thaledo Capsule 100."

(Miho Hoshino, Freelance Writer / 2009)

Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo

Japanese:
1957年に旧西ドイツの製薬会社であるグリュネンタール社から発売された睡眠薬の名称。日本では、58年1月20日から、大日本製薬(現:大日本住友製薬)が睡眠薬としてサリドマイド製剤「イソミン」の販売を開始。また60年8月にはサリドマイドを含有する胃薬「プロバンM」を発売。妊婦のつわり防止などに使用された。しかし、妊娠中にサリドマイドを服用した妊婦から「アザラシ肢症」をはじめとする障害を持つ子供が誕生したことから、62年5月に販売中止、9月には回収となった。一方、58年の発売後ほどなくして「アザラシ肢症」などの先天奇形が報告されはじめた本国旧西ドイツでは、サリドマイドに起因するとした小児科医W.レンツの警告により、61年に国内の同製剤は回収・販売中止になっていた。これに対し日本では、「関連不明」との見解から回収・販売中止が遅れたことで被害が拡大したといわれ、1000~1200人(うち正式認定は309人)の被害者を生んだ。
このように、一度世の中から消えたサリドマイドであるが、近年、多様な薬効に注目が集まっている。エイズや様々ながんに対する有効性があるといわれており、98年には、ハンセン病治療の特効薬として、アメリカで正式認可されている。また、多発性骨髄腫に対する有効性が明らかとなり、厚労省は2008年10月16日に「再発または難治性の多発性骨髄腫」の治療薬として、サリドマイド製剤を再認可した。ただし、承認にあたり、薬害防止の観点から(1)「サリドマイド製剤安全管理手順」を適正に遵守(じゅんしゅ)すること(2)緊急時に十分対応できる医療施設において、十分な知識・経験を有する医師のもとで、本剤の投与が適切と判断される症例のみを対象に投与すること(3)全症例を対象に使用成績調査を実施し、定期的にその結果を公表すること-などの条件が付けられている。同剤は、販売名「サレドカプセル100」として、09年2月に藤本製薬株式会社から発売を予定している。

(星野美穂 フリーライター / 2009年)

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