Microliths - Microliths

Japanese: 細石器 - さいせっき
Microliths - Microliths

Small stone tools, also called microliths. They are extremely small, measuring less than 1 cm wide and 5 cm long. They were not used alone, but fitted into wooden or bone handles. Because they are small, they are very light, and the longest blades can be made from a certain amount of stone. In prehistoric times, high-quality stone was limited, so stone tool making technology developed in the most efficient direction. The pinnacle of this direction is the microlith. They were most prevalent from the end of the Late Paleolithic to the Mesolithic, and can be found in both the Old and New Continents. As they are found worldwide, their shapes and forms vary. Globally, there are many examples of small stone blades that are used without much change, but in the Mediterranean region of Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa, there are geometric shapes such as rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, and semicircular microliths. These are called geometric microliths.

[Tsuyoshi Fujimoto]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ミクロリスmicrolithともよばれる小さな石器。幅1センチメートル、長さ5センチメートル以下ぐらいのきわめて小さな石器であり、単独で使用するものではなく、木や骨の柄(え)にはめ込んで使われた。小さいためきわめて軽く、また一定の石材からもっとも長い刃を得ることができる。先史時代にあっては良質の石材は限られており、そのためもっとも能率のよい方向へと石器製作の技術は発展していった。その方向の頂点にあるのが細石器である。後期旧石器時代末期から中石器時代にかけてもっとも盛行し、新旧両大陸ともにみられる。このように世界的にみられるので、その形態、あり方はさまざまである。世界的にみた場合には、小さな石刃(せきじん)の形をあまり変えずに使っている例が多いが、ヨーロッパ、西アジア、北アフリカといった環地中海地域には、長方形、台形、三角形、半円形といった幾何学形をしたものもある。これらは幾何学形細石器とよばれる。

[藤本 強]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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