Commodus, Lucius Aelius Aurelius

Japanese: コンモドゥス（英語表記）Commodus， Lucius Aelius Aurelius

[Born] 31 August 161, Lanuvium
[Died] December 31, 192. Roman Emperor (reigned 177-192). Son of Marcus Aurelius, one of the Five Good Emperors, he was known as a crazy and foolish emperor. In 177, he became co-emperor and fought with his father against the Germanic peoples who invaded the Danube River, but when his father died in 180, he became sole emperor and immediately made peace with them, abandoning his father's plan that might have prevented the Germanic invasion later. He left politics to his favorites, indulged in whims and pleasures, and twice allowed his chancellor to be killed by the army and mobs. He eventually went insane, renamed Rome Colonia Commodiana (City of Commodus), believed himself to be the god Hercules, and fought as a gladiator slave (gladiator) and killed lions to demonstrate his courage. He infuriated the people by declaring himself consul while dressed as a gladiator slave, and was strangled to death in 192 as part of a conspiracy by his lover Marcia and others.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]161.8.31. ラヌウィウム
[没]192.12.31. ローマ
ローマ皇帝（在位 177～192）。五賢帝の一人マルクス・アウレリウス帝の子だが，狂気，暗愚の皇帝として有名。177年共治帝となり，父とともにドナウ川に侵攻したゲルマン人と対戦したが，180年に父帝が没すると単独統治帝となり，ただちに和を結び，のちのゲルマン侵入を防ぎえたかもしれない父帝の計画を放棄した。政治を寵臣にまかせ，気まぐれ，逸楽にふけり，2度も自分の宰相が軍隊や暴徒に殺害されるのを許した。やがて狂気に陥り，ローマをコロニア・コンモディアナ（コンモドゥス市）と改称，みずからをヘルクレス神と信じ，勇気を示すために剣闘士奴隷（グラディアトル）として戦ったり，ライオンを殺したりした。剣闘士奴隷の服装で執政官（コンスル）に就任すると宣言して民衆を激高させ，192年愛人マルキアらの陰謀で絞殺された。

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