The sub-capital of the Oise department in northern France. Population 41,254 (1999). Located 82 km north-northeast of Paris, the town is surrounded by beautiful forests on both sides of the Oise River, and is a popular villa destination for Parisians. A wide variety of manufacturing industries are carried out here, including tires, matches, food processing, and chemical products. Although it is best known as the location of the Palais de Compiègne, the town's origins lie as an outpost for the ancient Roman army, and later as the seat of the court of the Merovingian dynasty. The complete restoration of the palace began under the reign of Louis XV (1715-1774), when architect Ange-Jacques Gabriel (1698-1782) designed the buildings in a fairly strict classical style. The king and his courtiers frequently came here for hunting, but after the French Revolution (1789-99) it was used as a military training school and an arts and crafts school. Napoleon I inherited the palace and restored it. The palace's most interesting features are its exquisite tapestry wall hangings and furniture, and its court records from the late 18th and 19th centuries. It was the place where Joan of Arc was captured in 1430. It was also the headquarters of the French army at the end of the First World War, and the armistice of 1918 was signed on a train in the Forest of Compiègne. The same train, preserved as a memorial, was also used to sign the armistice between Germany and France during the Second World War in 1940. [Yukihiko Otake] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランス北部、オアーズ県の副県都。人口4万1254(1999)。パリの北北東82キロメートルにあり、オアーズ川両岸に広がる美しい森に囲まれた田園地帯で、パリ市民の優雅な別荘地となっている。タイヤ、マッチ、食品加工、化学製品など多種にわたる製造業が行われる。コンピエーニュ宮殿の所在地としてよく知られるが、町の起源は古代ローマ軍の前哨(ぜんしょう)地であり、のちにメロビング王朝の宮廷所在地となった。宮廷の完全な復原はルイ15世治下(1715~74)に始まり、建築家ジャック・ガブリエルAnge-Jacques Gabriel(1698―1782)が建物をかなり厳密な古典的スタイルに設計した。王と宮廷人が頻繁に狩りに訪れたが、フランス革命(1789~99)後は軍事教練学校、工芸学校として使われた。ナポレオン1世は宮廷を受け継ぎ、修復した。宮廷のもっとも興味をひくものは、上品な装飾を施した綴織(つづれおり)の壁掛けと家具、18世紀後半と19世紀の宮廷人言行録である。1430年にジャンヌ・ダルクが捕らえられた地。また、第一次世界大戦末期にフランス軍総司令部が置かれ、1918年の停戦はコンピエーニュの森の汽車の中で署名された。その記念として保存された同じ汽車の中で、1940年に第二次世界大戦中のドイツ・フランス停戦協定も結ばれた。 [大嶽幸彦] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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