Konsen Plateau

Japanese: 根釧台地 - こんせんだいち

The Konsen Plain was the name given to this area when it was still undeveloped. It is a vast plateau that stretches from eastern Hokkaido, east of the Kushiro River, to the Nemuro Strait. It covers an area of about 2000 ^km2 . The altitude is less than 200m, with most of it being less than 100m. The soil is volcanic ash soil with low fertility, the average annual temperature is less than 6°C, and the frost-free period is 120 to 130 days. The average temperature in the warmest month is less than 20°C even inland, where the influence of sea fog does not reach, and the natural conditions are harsh. As a result, rice cultivation is impossible, and even field crops are susceptible to cold damage. Development of the plateau began at the end of the plateau near the Nemuro Strait around 1907, and large-scale development of the central part of the plateau was carried out after 1927, during the second Hokkaido Colonization Plan period. In 1932, the Hokkaido Prefectural Government changed its agricultural guidance policy from field crops centered on grains to mixed management that combined livestock raising. Furthermore, after World War II, grassland dairy farming became popular and the area developed into one of Hokkaido's major dairy farming regions. A dairy experimental settlement (pilot farm) was built in Betsukai Town between 1956 and 1967, and a new dairy village construction project was carried out in the southeastern part of the plateau from 1973, with most of the plateau now being turned into pastureland.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

別称根釧原野は未開発時代のこの地域一帯に与えられた呼称。北海道東部，釧路川以東，根室海峡にかけて展開する広大な台地。面積約 2000km²。標高は 200m以下で，100m以下が大部分を占める。土壌は地力の低い火山灰土，年平均気温は6℃以下，無霜期間は 120～130日。また最暖月の平均気温は海霧の影響が及ばない内陸でも 20℃以下で，自然条件はきびしい。そのため農業は米作が不可能で，畑作も穀類は冷害を受けやすい。台地の開拓は 1907年頃根室海峡に近い台地末端部から始り，27年以後の北海道第2期拓殖計画時代に入ってから，台地中央部の大規模な開拓が行われた。 32年から北海道庁の営農指導方針が穀物中心の畑作から家畜飼養を結合した混合経営に変更された。さらに第2次世界大戦後は草地酪農が盛んになり，北海道の主要酪農地域に発展。 56～67年には別海町で酪農実験集落 (パイロット・ファーム) が建設され，73年からは，台地の南東部で新酪農村建設事業が行われ，台地のほとんどが牧草地となっている。

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