In French, it generally means "public school," but usually refers to "Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Dramatices de Paris" and "Conservatoire Nationale Supérieure de Musique de Paris." In Japan, the latter is often used, as there are many international students studying at conservatories. Its origins date back to the Royal École de Music et de Dramatices, founded at the Paris Opera in 1786, and it is known as the oldest music and drama school in Europe, which opened its doors to talented people regardless of their family background, circumstances, or social class. The purpose of its establishment can be seen in the fact that many of its past principals were opera composers. After subsequent changes, the drama department and music department became independent in 1946, and were given their current names. After independence, the drama school was operated as an actor training school affiliated with the National Theatre Comédie-Française, but the sense of belonging faded after major reforms after 1968. Meanwhile, the conservatory is commonly known as "Paris Conservatoire." Based on the success of the school, music schools were established in Milan (now the Verdi Conservatory) in 1807 and Vienna (now the Vienna Music Academy) in 1817, and its educational system became a model for music schools around the world. Many Japanese musicians, including Akio Yashiro and Akira Miyoshi, have studied at the Paris Conservatory. → Related topics Adam|Offenbach|Auber|Auric|Ondes Martenot|Casella|Cherubini|Gossec|Jolivet|Ducasse|Dutilleux|Dupré|Thoma|Delibes|Nat|Fauré|Boulanger|Boieldieu|Milhaud|Messiaen|Moïse|Roussel|Rosay|Lon Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
フランス語で一般に〈公立学校〉の意味だが,普通は〈パリ国立高等演劇学校〉と〈パリ国立高等音楽院〉をさす。日本では音楽院への留学生が多いことから,後者をいう場合が多い。その起源は1786年パリのオペラ座に創立された王立音楽演劇学校で,家系や境遇・階層にかかわらず能力ある者に門戸を開いたヨーロッパ最古の音楽・演劇専門学校として知られる。歴代校長の多くをオペラ作曲家が占めた点にも,設立の主旨がうかがわれる。その後の変遷を経て,1946年演劇部門と音楽部門がそれぞれ独立し,現名称となった。独立後の演劇学校は国立劇場コメディ・フランセーズ所属の俳優養成学校として運営されたが,1968年以後の大幅な改革で帰属性は薄れた。一方,音楽院は通称〈パリ音楽院〉。同校の成果を受けて1807年にはミラノ(現ベルディ音楽院),1817年にはウィーン(現ウィーン音楽アカデミー)に音楽専門学校が誕生するなど,その教育システムは各国の音楽学校の範とされた。矢代秋雄,三善晃など,パリ音楽院に学んだ日本人音楽家も多い。 →関連項目アダン|オッフェンバック|オーベール|オーリック|オンド・マルトノ|カセラ|ケルビーニ|ゴセック|ジョリベ|デュカース|デュティユー|デュプレ|トーマ|ドリーブ|ナット|フォーレ|ブーランジェ|ボイエルデュー|ミヨー|メシアン|モイーズ|ルーセル|ロゼー|ロン 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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