Wu history - Goreki

He was the first literati painter of the Qing Dynasty in China. One theory is that he died in 1719. He is one of the six great painters active in the early Qing Dynasty, known as the Four Kings of Wu Yun (Wang Shimin, Wang Jian, Wang Hui, Wang Yuanqi, Wu Li, and Yun Ge). He produced dignified landscape paintings with familiar watercolor-like tones and delicate brushwork using the mokkotsu painting technique. He was born in Changshu, Jiangsu Province. His pen name was Gyozan. His pen names included Mojing Doren and Taoxi Jushi. He and Wang Hui were the same age and from the same hometown, so they were close friends, and they both studied under Wang Shimin. Later, he mastered the brushwork of Wang Meng and Huang Gongwang, the Four Great Masters of the late Yuan Dynasty, and created a fresh style of painting in contrast to the formalized Southern School of Wu painting. He lost his mother and wife in middle age, and at the age of 51, he joined the Society of Jesus, abandoned his child, and lived as a monk in Macau for seven years before becoming a missionary in Shanghai, where he is said to have died. His works include "Spring Colors of the Lake" (Shanghai Museum).

[Shinya Hoshiyama]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、清(しん)初の文人画家。没年は一説に1719年。清代初めに活躍した6人の大画家、いわゆる四王呉惲(しおうごうん)（王時敏、王鑑、王翬(おうき)、王原祁(おうげんき)、呉歴、惲格(うんかく)）の1人。没骨(もっこつ)画法による親しみのある水彩のような色調と繊細な筆致をもって、品格のある山水画を描いた。江蘇(こうそ)省常熟の人。字(あざな)は漁山。号は墨井道人、または桃渓居士(こじ)など。王翬とは同年・同郷で親しく、ともに王時敏について学んだ。のち元末の四大家の王蒙(もう)や黄公望(こうこうぼう)の筆法を会得し、形式化した呉派の南宗(なんしゅう)画に対し清新な画風を創造した。中年に母と妻を失い、51歳のころイエズス会に入会し、子を捨ててマカオで7年の修道生活ののち、上海(シャンハイ)で宣教師となり、同地で没したといわれる。作品には『湖天春色図』（上海博物館）など。

［星山晋也］

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