A prominent Indian mathematician and historian of ancient India. Born in Goa. Accompanied by his father, a distinguished Buddhist scholar and visiting professor at Harvard University, he traveled to the United States in 1918 and studied at the university (1925-1929). After serving as a professor of mathematics at Benares Hindu University (1929-1931), Aligarh Muslim University (1931-1932), and Fergusson College, Pune (1933-1946), he moved to the newly established Tata Institute of Fundamental Sciences (1947-1962), where he contributed to the development of mathematics, statistics, and atomic physics. He also worked on the revision and translation of Sanskrit texts, and pioneered a new field in archaeology by applying statistics. He attempted to elucidate Indian history through historical materialism. He became a member of the World Peace Council and participated in the peace movement, and as an independent thinker, he distinguished himself from official Marxism. Although he was intelligent, moody and uncompromising, he was also a very talkative man with a great sense of humor. [Masanori Koga] "Ancient History of India" by John Kosambi, translated by Toshio Yamazaki (1966, Iwanami Shoten) [Reference item] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
インドの傑出した数学者、インド古代史家。ゴアに生まれる。優れた仏教学者でハーバード大学客員教授となった父に伴われ1918年渡米、同大学で学ぶ(1925~1929)。ベナレス・ヒンドゥー大学(1929~1931)、アリーガル・ムスリム大学(1931~1932)、プネ市のファーガスン・カレッジ(1933~1946)の数学教授を歴任後、新設のタタ基礎科学研究所(1947~1962)に移り、数学、統計学、原子物理学の発展に貢献。他方サンスクリット・テキストの校訂、翻訳に従事し、統計学の適用により考古学の新分野を開拓。史的唯物論によるインド史の解明を試みた。世界平和評議会の一員となり平和運動に参加、自立的な思想家として公式マルクス主義とは一線を画した。頭脳明晰(めいせき)、気むずかしく非妥協的な反面、ユーモアにあふれた饒舌(じょうぜつ)家であった。 [古賀正則] 『コーサンビー著、山崎利男訳『インド古代史』(1966・岩波書店)』 [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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