Emperor Gokomyo

Japanese: 後光明天皇 - ごこうみょうてんのう

Year of death: September 20, 1654 (October 30, 1654)
Year of birth: March 12, 10 of the Kan'ei period (April 20, 1633)
An emperor in the early Edo period. Reigned from 1643 (Kan'ei 20) to 1654 (Sho'o 3). Prince Sugaya was the fourth son of Emperor Gomizunoo. His mother was Kyogoku no Tsubone Mitsuko (Mibu-in), the daughter of Sono Mototo. His given name was Shonin. He was proclaimed prince on December 15, 1627, ascended to the throne on October 3, 1628, and took the throne on the 21st of the same month. Tofukumon'in became his foster mother, and the Tokugawa clan technically maintained their status as in-laws. He was intelligent from a young age, and particularly preferred Confucianism and poetry to Japanese studies. He invited private Confucian scholars such as Asayama Irin'an to give lectures, and he also adored Fujiwara Seika, writing prefaces for his poetry collections. His poetry can be found in the Hou Nakishu. On the other hand, he had a somewhat violent nature and behavior, such as studying martial arts, but Gomizunoo, who had high hopes for his future, gave him three letters of warning, including warning him to refrain from rash thinking, to respect the Buddha and the gods, to study hard, and to regulate his behavior so as not to expose his weaknesses to the shogunate. However, after 12 years in power, he died of smallpox at the age of 22. He was buried in Tsukinowa Mausoleum at Sennyuji Temple in Kyoto. <References> Kumakura Isao, "Gomizunoo-in" (Asahi Biographical Selection, Volume 26)

(Mother Miwa)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：承応3.9.20(1654.10.30)
生年：寛永10.3.12(1633.4.20)
江戸前期の天皇。寛永20(1643)～承応3(1654)年在位。後水尾天皇の第4皇子,素鵞宮。母は園基任の娘京極局光子(壬生院)。諱は紹仁。寛永19年12月15日親王宣下,20年10月3日践祚,同月21日即位。東福門院が養母となり,形式的には徳川氏は外戚の地位を保った。幼少から聡明,特に和学よりも儒学,詩文を好み,朝山意林庵などの民間の朱子学者を招いて聴講,また藤原惺窩を追慕し文集に序文を与えた。詩作は『鳳啼集』にみられる。一方武芸を学ぶなどいささか激烈な性質,言動があり,将来を期待した後水尾は短慮を慎むこと,仏神を敬い学問に励むこと,幕府に弱みを握られないよう行動を律することなど3回にわたる訓戒書を与えた。しかし在位12年,疱瘡により22歳で没。京都泉涌寺内の月輪陵に葬られる。<参考文献>熊倉功夫『後水尾院』(『朝日評伝選』26巻)

(母利美和)

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