Public Notice - Kouji

This refers to possession, registration, registration, notification, notice, etc., which are external manifestations of the existence of a certain legal relationship or changes in rights. The principle that if these methods of public notice are missing, the law will not take full effect is called the principle of public notice. Under private law, marriage notifications, company incorporation registrations, endorsements of bills, registrations of mining rights transfers, and registrations of patent rights transfers are considered to be public notice methods that are required for the law to take effect, but there are many cases, such as registrations of changes in real estate rights, where the lack of this method makes it impossible to assert against third parties, and this is called a public notice method that serves as a requirement for opposition. Under public law, laws and regulations are required to take effect by being published in the Official Gazette (local government ordinances, etc. are published in the Public Gazette), but for public notices, different public notice methods are used depending on their nature and purpose.

[Yamano Kazumi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

一定の法律関係の存在や、権利の変動などの外形的表象である占有、登記、登録、届出、通知などをいう。これらの公示方法を欠く場合に、法律上完全な効力を生じないとする原則を公示の原則という。私法上では、婚姻の届出、会社設立の登記、手形の裏書、鉱業権移転の登録、特許権移転の登録などは、効力発生要件としての公示方法とされるが、不動産物権変動の登記のごとく、これを欠く場合に第三者に対抗できないというものが多く、これを対抗要件としての公示方法という。公法上では、法令は官報（地方公共団体の条例等は公報）に掲載するという公示方法によって効力発生要件とされるが、告示については、その性質、目的によってそれぞれ異なった公示方法がとられる。

［山野一美］

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