Original species - Genshu

Japanese: 原種 - げんしゅ
Original species - Genshu

It is a term that refers to the species or type that is the basis of a type of animal or plant, but its meaning varies slightly depending on the context. When several local types (subspecies) or varieties are found within a single species, the ancestral type of these may be called the original species, and when there is a group of closely related species and their relatedness or lineage is considered, the common ancestral type may be called the original species.

In terms of classifying animals and plants, when a type contains local forms or varieties, the scientific name of the oldest named form is adopted as the species name of that type, and the others become type names within that species, but the form (subspecies) that became the species name may be called the original species, original subspecies, or original form. Therefore, in this case, the form adopted for the species name does not necessarily have the basic or ancestral characteristics of the species from a phylogenetic perspective.

[Takehiko Nakane]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

動物や植物の種類のもとになる種あるいは型をさす用語であるが、使う場合により多少意味が異なっている。一つの種類のなかにいくつかの地方的な型(亜種)あるいは品種がみられるとき、それらの祖先型にあたるものを原種ということがあり、また一群の近縁な種があって類縁関係や系統を考えるとき、それらの共通な祖先型にあたるものを原種ということもある。

 動物や植物を分類する面からいえば、一つの種類に地方的な型や品種が含まれている場合に、もっとも時期的に古く命名された型の学名がその種類の種名として採用され、ほかのものはその種内の型名となるが、種名となった型(亜種)が原種・原亜種あるいは原型とよばれることがある。したがってこの場合は、種名に採用された型が、かならずしも系統的にみて、種として基本的ないしは祖先的な形質を備えたものではないことになる。

[中根猛彦]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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