A Japanese dictionary. Edited by Otsuki Fumihiko, 4 volumes (first edition). First published 1889-91 (Meiji 22-24). Japan's first modern-organized ordinary language dictionary. Contains 39,103 words. Construction began in 1875 (Meiji 8) by order of the Ministry of Education. It was completed after many years of hard work, following the structure of Webster's octavo edition. Its distinctive features are: (1) it is an ordinary language dictionary including basic words, (2) it is arranged in alphabetical order, (3) it marks modern parts of speech and archaic words, dialect words, and colloquial words (kagorigo), and shows conjugation, (4) it organizes word definitions into stages, and (5) it includes examples of use. These became a model for ordinary language dictionaries thereafter. It was later expanded and published as Daigenkai (published by Tomiyama Publishing). The "Grammar Guide" at the beginning of the volume became the basis for the "Kyoto Japanese Grammar" and "Kyoto Japanese Grammar Appendix" (both published in 1897). [Hiroshi Furuta] "The History of Modern Japanese Dictionaries" by Tadao Yamada (1981, Sanseido)" ▽ "Into the Ocean of Words" by Hiroshi Takada (Shincho Bunko) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
国語辞書。大槻文彦(おおつきふみひこ)編、4冊(初版)。1889~91年(明治22~24)初刊。わが国で最初の近代的な組織の普通語辞書。収録語数3万9103語。1875年(明治8)文部省の命によりつくり始める。ウェブスターのオクタボ版にその構成を倣い、多年の労苦のうえ完成した。特色としては、(1)基本語も含めた普通語の辞書であること、(2)五十音順で配列したこと、(3)近代的な品詞の略号と、古語・訛語俚語(かごりご)の印をつけ、活用を示したこと、(4)語釈に段階づけをしたこと、(5)用例を載せたこと、などがある。これらは以後の普通語辞書の範となった。のちに『大言海』(冨山房刊)として増補された。巻首の「語法指南」は『広日本文典』、『広日本文典別記』(ともに1897刊)の基礎となった。 [古田 啓] 『山田忠雄著『近代国語辞書の歩み』(1981・三省堂)』▽『高田宏著『言葉の海へ』(新潮文庫)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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