A planktonic freshwater algae of the Chlamydomonas family, a green alga. It is a bright green, slender, strawberry-like small-sized single-celled swimming algae with two long flagella. Sometimes it loses its flagella and becomes an immobile sphere, but even in the immobile stage it retains its original red eyespot and grows to about 15-30 micrometers in size, making it distinct from small Chlorella species that do not have eyespots. It is a planktonic algae that occurs universally in freshwater ponds all over the country, and can appear at any time except winter. Chlamydomonas reproduces rapidly asexually by splitting its body vertically into two individuals, but in very rare cases, it also reproduces sexually by combining two individuals. Since this occurs between individuals that are morphologically indistinguishable from male and female, a theory was once devised that it was possible to artificially make them male or female using certain chemicals. However, subsequent research has suggested that this is not so simple, and the theory is still being investigated. [Moriaki Shinzaki] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
緑藻植物、クラミドモナス科のプランクトン性淡水藻。鮮緑色で、細長いイチゴの実を小形にしたような形状で、長い2本の鞭毛(べんもう)をもち、遊泳性のある単細胞藻。ときには鞭毛を失って不動の球体となるが、不動期でも、以前からもっている赤色の眼点をもち続け、さらに大きさも15~30マイクロメートルくらいとなるので、眼点をもたない小さいクロレラなどとは区別できる。各地の淡水池中に普遍的に発生するプランクトン性藻で、冬季以外は、いつでも出現する。 クラミドモナスは、体が縦に分裂して2個体になるという無性生殖で急速に殖えていくが、ごくまれに、2個体の合体による有性生殖も行う。この際、形態的には雌雄の識別ができない個体間で行われるため、かつてはある種の化学物質によって人工的に雌か雄かにすることができるという説も生まれた。しかしその後の研究で、それほど単純なものではないとの異説が出され、なお検討が続けられている。 [新崎盛敏] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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