Kumon

Japanese: 公文 - くもん

〘Noun〙 ("ku" is the Go-on pronunciation of "public")① A general term for official documents issued by various government offices under the ritsuryo system. The Dai-shucho (Great Account Book), Sho-shucho (Tax Book), Cho-shucho (Collection Book), and Cho-shucho (Inspection _Book ) submitted from each province to the central government were called Shido Komon and were given special importance. *Ryo Gikai (718) Official: "One Daishi (Great Historian). < _In his hand, <abbreviated> _{he read} and submitted the Komonjo (Courtesy of the Chief Historian)"② A position that handled documents at nobles, temples, and shrines. *Tamon'in Diary - April 27, 1484 (Bunmei 16): "Sixth, Komon, seventh, Gonkan (Guardian), and when necessary, the documents are submitted to the central government."③ Under the manor system, one of the lower-ranking manor officials who was given a Komon salary, handled the affairs of the manor, and collected taxes, etc. ※Azuma Kagami - November 24, 1186 (Bun'ichi 2) "The head of the _family is _{the one who} is in the way, and the officials in the local government, the _county governor, the official documents, and _other officials, including the provincial governor and the lord's family, _{are the ones who} filed _{a lawsuit} ." ④ In the Middle Ages, Kaigo was written by the Shogunate's litigation organ. ※Sataminensho (Early 14th century) "The Kaigo is written by the magistrate's senior retainers and is a record of the details of the affairs of the magistrates, and is also called official documents." ⑤ A monk who handles the practical aspects of temple management under the command of the head priest and the chief priest of a temple. ※Daigoji Temple New Summary (1620) "Temple abbots, inspectors, and betto (herein referred to as the _{Choshi, part 2} ₎ ; Joza, jisu, and toina (herein referred to as the Tsuna, _part ₂ ); Gyoji, koto, _and komon (herein referred to as the Shoshi, part ₁ , etc.)" ⑥ Appointment orders for the abbots of official Zen temples such as the Five Mountains, the Ten Temples, and other mountain temples, as well as temples of a similar nature. Insei, rinji, and donnacho were sometimes issued by court nobles, but most were issued by the shogunate. Official documents issued in cases where someone has paid official money to become an official temple abbot but does not actually enter the temple are called za komon or inari kumon , and official documents issued in this way to obtain official money are called suri komon. Official documents (kojo, kujo) . Kumon. ※Inryoken Diary - July 28, 1435 (Eikyo 7) "The new Zenjun West Hall of Tanba Ankoku-ji Temple and the new Eigyoku West Hall of Myoko-ji Temple have received official seal."

Kumon

〘 noun 〙① A document issued by the Imperial Court, the Shogunate, etc. Official document. ※Chuu-u-ki - December 29, 1119 (Gen'ei 2) "The Kebiishi's official rules are _{as follows} : _Nagazane Ason has requested that Inaba official documents be issued." ② A document issued by the government or other public organizations in connection with their duties. Official document. ※The Diet Law (1889) Article 17 "The Chief Secretary shall sign official documents (omitted)." [Kyu-Tang Shu - Shikikan-shi, 2]

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙 (「く」は「公」の呉音)① 令制下、諸官司が出す公文書の総称。諸国から中央に提出した大計帳、正税帳、朝集帳、調帳は四度公文といい、特に重視された。※令義解（718）職員「大史一人。〈掌_下〈略〉読_中申公文_上〉」② 公家、寺社で文書を取扱う役職。※多聞院日記‐文明一六年（1484）四月二七日「第六に公文、第七に護監、則廻請以合点領納畢」③ 荘園制で、公文給を与えられて荘園の事務を取扱い、年貢の徴収などを行なった下級荘官の一つ。※吾妻鏡‐文治二年（1186）一一月二四日「妨_二惣領之地本_一、責_二煩在庁官人郡司公文以下公官等_一之間、国司領家所_二訴申_一也」④ 中世、幕府訴訟機関における開闔(かいごう)執筆。※沙汰未練書（１４Ｃ初）「開闔執筆は、奉行中宿老、引付細々事記録仁也、又公文とも云也」⑤ 寺院で別当・長吏の指揮下に寺内経営の実務にあたる寺僧。※醍醐寺新要録（1620）「諸寺座主・検校・別当〈此云_二長史_一〉上座・寺主・都維那〈此云_二三綱_一〉行事・勾当・公文〈此云_二所司_一也云々〉」⑥ 禅宗寺院のうち、五山、十刹、諸山などの官寺およびそれに準ずる寺院の住持任命の辞令。院宣、綸旨、檀那帖などを公家が出すこともあったが、ほとんど幕府が発行した。官銭を出して官寺住持の資格を得て実際には入寺しない場合の公文は坐公文・居公文(いなりくもん)といい、そのように官銭を得るために出された公文を売公文という。公帖(こうじょう・くじょう)。くうもん。※蔭凉軒日録‐永享七年（1435）七月二八日「丹波安国寺新命全順西堂并妙光寺新命永玉西堂、公文御判出」

こう‐ぶん【公文】

〘名〙① 朝廷、幕府などが発行する文書。公文書。※中右記‐元永二年（1119）一二月二九日「検非違使府生経則は、長実朝臣申_二成因幡公文_一之辨済使也」② 国その他の公共団体の機関が、その職務に関して発行する文書。公文書。※議院法（明治二二年）（1889）一七条「書記官長は〈略〉公文に署名す」〔旧唐書‐職官志・二〕

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