Kumano betto

Japanese: 熊野別当 - くまのべっとう

The chief who governed and managed the Kishu Kumano Sanzan (Hongu, Shingu, Nachi). The "Kumano betto daijinshi (Kumano betto boninki)" lists the generations of betto Kaikei, who was appointed in 812 (Kōnin 3), to the 31st betto Shotan, who was appointed in 1282 (Kōan 5), while the "Kumanosan betto daijinshi (Kumano-san betto shidai)" records the history from Zendō to Shotan. The two books do not match in the generations from the first to the seventh, but the Kumano betto is thought to have been established quite early in the Heian period. In 1090 (Kanji 4), Emperor Shirakawa visited Kumano and appointed Sojō Zoyō of Onjō-ji Temple, who had served as a guide, as inspector of the Kumano Sanzan, and appointed the Kumano betto Chokai to the rank of Hokkyō.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

紀州熊野三山(本宮，新宮，那智)を統轄，管理した首長。《熊野別当代々次第(熊野別当補任記)》は812年(弘仁3)就任の第1代別当快慶より1282年(弘安5)就任の第31代別当正湛までの代々を挙げ，《熊野山別当次第》では禅洞から正湛までの次第を記し，両者は初代から7代までの世代の一致をみないが，熊野別当は平安期のかなり早い時代に成立したと思われる。1090年(寛治4)に白河上皇は熊野に御幸あり，先達を務めた園城寺の増誉僧正を熊野三山検校に補し，熊野別当の長快を法橋に叙した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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