Kumano Mandala - Kumano Mandala

Japanese: 熊野曼荼羅 - くまのまんだら
Kumano Mandala - Kumano Mandala

A type of Shinto-Buddhist syncretistic mandala related to Kumano faith. This pair is the Yoshino mandala. It is a mandala that combines the local Buddhas of the thirteen shrines (sometimes called twelve shrines except for Takimiya), including the main deities (Kumano Sansho Gongen) of the three Kumano mountains (Higashimuro District, Wakayama Prefecture), namely Kumano Nikami (Hongu), Kumano Hayatama Okami (Shingu), and Kumano Fusumi Okami (Nachi), and the scenery of the shrine buildings. It can be divided into the following three types based on the composition.

(1) Local Buddha Mandala There are the Kozan-ji and Ryusen-in versions which are in the Taizokai Chudai Hachiyoin style, as well as the Kumano Nachi Shrine version, Saikyo-ji Temple version, Yuno Shrine version, and Seikado version which have local Buddhas arranged in the upper and lower shrine buildings.

(2) Miya Mandala: This includes a Shogoin version with a distant view of natural scenery and Sansho Gongen.

(3) Shrine Pilgrimage Mandala: Includes a landscape painting of the Kumano pilgrimage and a painting of Nachi Falls (a national treasure).

[Toshiaki Manabe]

[Reference] | Mandala

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

熊野信仰にまつわる神仏習合曼荼羅の一種。この対は吉野曼荼羅。熊野三山(和歌山県東牟婁(ひがしむろ)郡)、すなわち熊野坐神(にますかみ)(本宮)、熊野速玉大神(はやたまおおかみ)(新宮)、熊野夫須美大神(ふすみのおおかみ)(那智(なち))の主祭神(熊野三所権現(さんしょごんげん))を含めた十三所権現(滝宮を除いて十二所権現の場合もある)の本地仏や社殿の景色などを組み合わせた曼荼羅。構図などにより次の3系統に分けられる。

(1)本地仏曼荼羅 胎蔵界中台八葉院形式の高山寺(こうざんじ)本や竜泉院本、上下の社殿に本地仏などを配した熊野那智神社本、西教寺(さいきょうじ)本、湯神(ゆの)神社本、静嘉堂(せいかどう)本がある。

(2)宮曼荼羅 自然景と三所権現を遠望した聖護院(しょうごいん)本など。

(3)社参曼荼羅 熊野参詣(さんけい)の景観図および那智滝図(国宝)がある。

[真鍋俊照]

[参照項目] | 曼荼羅

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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