The Kinmon Incident

Japanese: 禁門の変 - きんもんのへん

Also known as the Hamaguri Gate Incident. A battle that took place near the Kyoto Imperial Palace between the Choshu clan soldiers and the shogunate at the end of the Edo period. Since Bunkyu 2 (1862), the Choshu clan had held a dominant influence over the Imperial Court by promoting anti-foreignism, but was driven out of Kyoto by the Satsuma clan soldiers in a political upheaval on August 18, 1863, and fell from grace. Just as the Choshu clan was hoping to make a comeback, many anti-foreign patriots were killed or arrested by the Shinsengumi in the Ikedaya Incident. Infuriated by this, the radical views of Maki Izumi and others became dominant in the Choshu clan, and the clan soldiers rose up, calling for the expulsion of the Kyoto Shugoshoku, and on the night of July 18, 1864, they charged into the Imperial Palace. The battle at Hamaguri Gomon Gate was particularly fierce, and although the Choshu forces initially had the upper hand, they were defeated by an attack from the Satsuma clan, which led to the Choshu forces completely retreating. Many Choshu clan anti-foreigner patriots were killed in the battle.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

蛤 (はまぐり) 御門の変ともいう。幕末，長州藩兵と幕府との京都御所付近における戦闘。文久2 (1862) 年以来，攘夷主義を掲げて朝廷に支配的影響力を有した長州藩は，文久三年八月十八日の政変で，薩摩藩兵に京都を追われて失脚した。その後長州藩が再起を期している矢先，池田屋事件で多数の攘夷派志士が新撰組のため殺害，逮捕された。これに憤激した長州藩では，真木和泉らの急進論が支配的となり，京都守護職の追放を掲げて藩兵が決起し，元治1 (64) 年7月 18日夜，御所を目指して突入した。特に蛤御門口の戦闘は激しく，長州勢は最初は優位に立ったが，薩摩藩兵の来襲により敗退し，これによって長州勢は全面的に撤退した。この戦闘で，多数の長州藩攘夷派志士が戦死した。

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