Modern Literature - Kinbungaku (English spelling) Jin-wen-xue

Japanese: 今文学 - きんぶんがく（英語表記）Jin-wen-xue

This is the study of classics in China, mainly during the Western Han period. It is called modern literature because it was based on classic scriptures (clerical script) from the Han period, as opposed to classic scriptures (seal script and sash script) from the Warring States period. The texts are different from the classic scriptures that appeared later, and especially the theories. It takes the view that the classic scriptures were created by Confucius for the Han dynasty, and is intended to be applied to real politics, with the Spring and Autumn Annals of Gongyang and the Secret Book of the Underworld being its main works. Classic literature (main works are the Spring and Autumn Annals of Zuo and the Book of the Confucian Anguo) disliked the academic style of modern literature, and focused on factual investigation and exegesis. From the end of the Western Han to the Eastern Han, there was a struggle between modern literature and classic literature, but after the Six Dynasties, classic literature dominated. In the late Qing dynasty, modern literature was revived, and became a foothold for the Republican Revolution.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

中国，おもに前漢時代に行われた経学で，戦国時代の古文 (篆文や籀文) の経書に対し，漢代通行の文字 (隷書) の経書によったので今文学という。あとで現れる古文経とはテキストも違い，特にその説を異にする。経書は孔子が漢のために考えておいたものという見地をとって，現実政治への適用を企図しており，『春秋公羊伝』『伏生尚書』がその主力。古文学 (『春秋左氏伝』，孔安国伝『尚書』が主力) は，今文学の学風を嫌って，事実の究明，訓詁 (くんこ) を主とし，前漢末から後漢にかけて，今文と古文の争いがあったが，六朝後，古文学が圧倒した。清の後期には，今文学が復興して，民国革命への足がかりとなった。

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