Nicolas Joseph Cugnot

Japanese: キュニョー - きゅにょー(英語表記)Nicolas Joseph Cugnot
Nicolas Joseph Cugnot

French military engineer. Born in Meuse, died in Paris. Served as an engineer in the army and invented a new rifled gun. His greatest achievement was completing the world's first steam automobile. In 1769, he came up with a way to use a Newcomen atmospheric engine to convert the reciprocating motion of a piston into rotary motion, and created the "Faldier," a tricycle with one front wheel and two rear wheels, two cylinders placed directly above the front wheels, and an even larger steam boiler attached to the front. This automobile could carry four people and traveled at a speed of four kilometers per hour, but the boiler needed to be refilled with water every 15 minutes, and during a test run it went out of control, crashing into an armory and breaking down. The second one, produced the following year in 1770, caught Napoleon's eye, and has been preserved at the National Museum of Arts and Crafts in Paris since 1801, where it remains to this day.

[Akira Suzumebe]

[Reference] | Steam car | Newcomen

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランスの軍事技術者。ムースで生まれ、パリで没す。陸軍で工兵士官を務め、新しい施条銃を発明した。最大の業績は世界最初の蒸気自動車を完成させたことである。1769年、ニューコメン式大気圧機関を利用し、ピストンの往復運動を回転運動に変える方法を考え、前輪1個、後輪2個の三輪車で、前輪の真上にシリンダー2個が置かれ、その前にさらに大きな蒸気釜(がま)をつけた大砲運搬用自動車「ファルディエ」をつくった。この自動車は4人を乗せて時速4キロメートルで走ったが、15分ごとに蒸気釜に水を供給しなければならず、試走中に暴走し兵器庫に激突して壊れた。翌1770年製作の2台目がナポレオンの目にとまり、1801年からパリの国立工芸博物館に保存され今日に及んでいる。

[雀部 晶]

[参照項目] | 蒸気自動車 | ニューコメン

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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