A crime that threatens the freedom of decision-making and violates the freedom of physical activity. In order for this crime to be established, it is necessary to threaten the life, body, freedom, reputation, or property of the other person or their relatives, or to use violence to make a person do something that is not an obligation, or to obstruct the exercise of a right (Article 223 of the Penal Code). This crime differs from the crime of assault (Article 208 of the same law) and the crime of intimidation (Article 222 of the same law) in that violence or intimidation is used to force the other person to take or refrain from taking some action. According to legal precedents, "forcing someone to do something that is not an obligation" would be, for example, making someone hold a bucket of water for a long time or writing an apology, and "obstructing the exercise of a right" would be, for example, to dissuade someone from exercising the right to file a complaint. If the violence or intimidation is done for the purpose of stealing property or having sex, it would be considered as blackmail, robbery, forced sexual intercourse, etc., and this crime does not apply. There are no court decisions regarding this crime against corporations, and academic theories are divided. [Nawa Tetsuro January 19, 2018] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
意思決定の自由を脅かし身体活動の自由を侵害する罪。本罪が成立するためには、相手方またはその親族の生命・身体・自由・名誉・財産に対して害を加える旨を告知して脅迫し、または暴行を用いて、人に義務のないことを行わせ、または権利の行使を妨害することが必要である(刑法223条)。本罪が暴行罪(同法208条)や脅迫罪(同法222条)と異なるのは、暴行・脅迫によって相手方になんらかの作為または不作為を余儀なくさせる点にある。判例によれば、「義務のないことを行わせる」とは、たとえば、水入りバケツなどを長時間持たせたり、謝罪文を書かせる場合がこれにあたり、また「権利の行使を妨害する」とは、告訴権の行使を思いとどまらせる場合などである。この暴行または脅迫が、財物奪取や性交などの目的でなされる場合には、恐喝罪、強盗罪、強制性交等罪などにあたり、本罪の適用はない。法人に対する本罪については判例はなく、学説も分かれる。 [名和鐵郎 2018年1月19日] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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