Common Agricultural Policy

Japanese: 共通農業政策 - きょうつうのうぎょうせいさく（英語表記）Common Agricultural Policy

A common agricultural policy based on the Treaty of Rome in 1957 that applies to the entire EU. It has two main policies: price and income policies (intervention purchases, export subsidies, direct payments) implemented by the guarantee department of the EAGGF (European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund), and rural development policies such as agri-environment policies and measures for disadvantaged regions. In order to prevent overproduction and increased fiscal expenditure, the EU lowered support prices under Agenda 2000 in 1999. In 2003, it changed the direct payments by product to a Single Payment Scheme (SPS) for management units. As payment requirements, it adopted mandatory cross-compliance, which requires compliance with 18 standards related to food safety and animal welfare in addition to the previous environmental standards. Since the SPS is not linked to any production, it is positioned as a decoupling policy that separates the connection between production-stimulating agricultural policies and agricultural income policies based on market-distorting and trade-distorting means.

(Kouichi Ikegami, Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University / 2007)

Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo

Japanese:

1957年のローマ条約に基づく、EU全体に適用される共通の農業政策。EAGGF(欧州農業指導保証基金)保証部門が行う価格・所得政策(介入買い入れ、輸出補助金、直接支払い)と、農業環境政策や条件不利地域対策などの農村開発政策の2つが中心。過剰生産や財政支出の増大を防ぐために、EUは99年に「アジェンダ2000」の下で支持価格を引き下げた。2003年には、品目別の直接支払いを経営単位の単一支払い計画(SPS:Single Payment Scheme)に変更した。その支払い要件として、従来の環境基準に加え、食品安全、動物福祉にかかわる18の基準を守る必要があるという強制的なクロス・コンプライアンスを採用した。SPSはいかなる生産ともリンクしないので、生産刺激的な農業政策と市場歪曲的・貿易歪曲的な手段による農業所得政策とのつながりを切り離すデカップリング政策として位置づけられる。

(池上甲一近畿大学農学部教授／ 2007年)

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