A group of steroid glycosides that have a cardiotonic effect, strengthening the contractile force of the heart. They are obtained from various plants, such as digitoxin and gitoxin from digitalis, ouabain (g-strophanthin) from Strophanthus gratus of the Apocynaceae family, and adonitoxin and scillaren from plants of the Liliaceae family. Some glycosides have unique sugars; for example, digitoxin has three digitoxose molecules bound to each other. The part of these glycosides excluding the sugars, i.e., the aglycone part, is collectively called genin, and in individual cases is called digitogenin, uabagenin, etc., but these genins also generally have a cardiotonic effect, and can be even stronger than the original glycosides. Bufotalin, a cardiotonic substance from toad venom, also has the structure of genin. Digitoxin and others are used for chronic symptoms, and ouabain for acute symptoms. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
心臓の収縮力を強化する,いわゆる強心作用をもつ一群のステロイド配糖体。ジギタリスのジギトキシン,ギトキシンなど,キョウチクトウ科の Strophanthus gratusから得られるウワバイン (g-ストロファンチン) ,ユリ科などの植物のアドニトキシン,シラレンなど,各種植物から得られるものがある。配位している糖には固有のものもあり,たとえばジギトキシンには3分子のジギトキソースが3分子結合している。これら配糖体の糖を除いた部分,すなわちアグリコン部分はゲニンと総称され,個々の場合にはジギトゲニン,ウワバゲニンなどと呼ぶが,これらゲニンも一般に強心作用をもち,原配糖体よりかえって強力なこともある。ガマ毒の強心作用物質ブフォタリンもゲニンの構造をもつ。ジギトキシンなどは慢性,ウワバインは急性の症状に対して用いられる。
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