Ballet in its early days. It arose mainly in Italy during the Renaissance, and the opera-ballet style was established at the end of the 17th century. Until that time, ballet was mainly performed in the royal courts of Europe. The first court ballet is said to be the Ballet Comique de la Reine, performed in the great hall of the Petit-Bourbon Palace in Paris in 1581 to commemorate the marriage of Duke Joyeuse to the sister of the French Queen Louise de Lorraine. The work is based on the plot of the witch Circe from Greek mythology, and features a spectacular transformation in which clouds and stones become humans. The dance was limited to graphic expression, and the pantomime was based on classical Greek and Roman theater, but it had a consistent plot as a comprehensive stage performance that included dance, instrumental music, singing, and theatrical recitation. From then on, court ballet took on a three-part form consisting of the entrée, an entrance scene for the aristocrats, a spectacle making full use of steps called the bass dance, and a grand ball. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
誕生期のバレエ。ルネサンス期のイタリアを中心に興り,17世紀末にオペラ=バレエ様式が確立した。その頃まで,バレエはおもにヨーロッパの宮廷で上演された。 1581年ジョアイユーズ公とフランス王妃ルイーズ・ド・ロレーヌの妹の婚礼を記念して,パリのプチ・ブルボン宮大広間で上演された『王妃のバレエ・コミック』が宮廷バレエの最初の作品とされる。この作品はギリシア神話の魔女キルケの謀略を主題にしたもので,雲や石が人間になったりする変身のスペクタクルを特色としている。舞踊は図形的な表現にとどまり,黙劇はギリシアやローマの古典演劇にそったものであったが,舞踊,器楽演奏,歌謡,演劇的朗唱などによる総合的な舞台として,一貫した筋をもっていた。以後宮廷バレエの形式は,おもにアントレという貴族たちの入場シーン,バス・ダンスといわれるステップを駆使したスペクタクル,そして大舞踏会という三部形式をとっている。
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