Nine clan iron shackles - Nine clan iron shackles

…Among the Tiele tribes during the Turkic period, Xueyantuo was the most powerful. In 630, they destroyed the Turks together with the Tang Dynasty, but they were eventually subjugated by the Tang Dynasty. In Chinese historical sources, the nine main tribes were called the "Nine Tiele clans." The tribes were integrated into the Turkic revival in 682, and the name Tiele rarely appears by itself. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Kunishi Tiele" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…突厥時代の鉄勒諸部の中では薛延陀（せつえんだ）が有力で，630年には唐と共に突厥を滅ぼしたが，やがて唐の羈縻（きび）支配をうけた。また中国史料では，主要な9部族をさし，〈九姓鉄勒〉と呼んだ。諸部は682年の突厥の復興に伴ってこれに統合され，鉄勒の名称は単独ではほとんど現れなくなる。…

※「九姓鉄勒」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報