Temperature wind - Ondofu

Japanese: 温度風 - おんどふう
Temperature wind - Ondofu

It is the vector difference of the geostrophic wind at the upper and lower surfaces of the air layer. The factors that govern the change in wind with height are complex, but geostrophic wind predominates in the free atmosphere above the atmospheric boundary layer, and its change with height is governed by the horizontal distribution of temperature, hence the name temperature wind. The thickness of the air layer between two isobaric surfaces represents the average temperature of the air layer, and the air layer becomes thicker (thinner) in the high (low) temperature area. Therefore, there is a difference in the inclination of the isobaric surfaces at the upper and lower surfaces of the air layer, and accordingly, there is a difference in the geostrophic wind at the upper and lower surfaces of the air layer. This difference is the temperature wind. The temperature wind blows parallel to the isotherm of the average temperature of the air layer, with the high temperature area to the right (Northern Hemisphere), and its strength is inversely proportional to the interval of the isotherm. By utilizing the relationship between temperature wind, it is possible to estimate the horizontal distribution of temperature and thermal structure of each layer from the change with height of the wind. Conversely, it is possible to estimate the geostrophic wind above and below a certain height from the horizontal distribution of temperature and wind at that height.

[Hiroshi Matano]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

気層の上面と下面における地衡風のベクトル差をいう。風の高さによる変化を支配する要因は複雑であるが、大気境界層より上の自由大気では地衡風が卓越し、その高さによる変化は温度の水平分布に支配されることから、温度風の名がある。二つの等圧面に挟まれた気層の厚さは、気層の平均気温を表し、高(低)温域で気層が厚(薄)くなる。したがって、気層の上、下面で等圧面の傾きに差が生じ、それに応じて気層の上、下面で地衡風に差が生ずる。この差が温度風である。温度風は高温域を右(北半球)にして気層の平均気温の等温線に平行に吹き、その強さは等温線の間隔に反比例する。温度風の関係を利用すれば、風の高さによる変化から、各層の気温の水平分布や熱的構造を推定することが可能である。逆に、ある高さの気温と風の水平分布から、その高さを挟んでの上下の地衡風を推定することが可能である。

[股野宏志]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Ondes Martenot - Ondes Martenot

>>:  Thermal Conductivity

Recommend

Black-legged groundhog - Black-legged groundhog

...They are attracted to lights, and on summer ni...

Hibiya Riot Incident

A popular riot sparked by opposition to the peace...

Mi You-ren (English spelling)

[Birth] Hee-nyeong 7 (1074) [Died] Shaoxing 21 (11...

Zamami Island

It is an island in the Kerama Islands, west of Nah...

Ukrug - Ukrug

...The player supports the instrument by placing ...

Wadannoki - Wadannoki

A small evergreen tree of the Asteraceae family. ...

Yanahara [town] - Yanahara

This old town occupies the middle reaches of the Y...

Sotie

...Pioneer works include The Boy and the Blind Ma...

Palillos

...Various types of wind instruments are used dep...

Subcalcic augite (English spelling)

…Such pigeonite is often found in lunar basalts. ...

Organ - Kikan

A structure in the body of a multicellular organi...

Calcifying pancreatitis

...A disease in which stones form in the pancreat...

Hypermnestra (English spelling)

…But when the sons of Aegyptus pursued Danaus and...

Rhexanella verrucosa (food for sea bream)

A small isopod crustacean of the family Sparidae t...

The Amakusa Five

…The name Amakusa first appeared in the Shoku Nih...