Chugan Engetsu

A Rinzai sect monk from the Northern and Southern Courts period to the early Muromachi period. His first name was Shido. He was also known by the names Chushoshi and Tokai Ichioshi. He was from Kamakura. He became a monk at Jufuku-ji Temple, and studied under Tomyo Enichi (1272-1340) at Engaku-ji Temple, Giun (1253-1333) at Eihei-ji Temple, and Kokan Shiren at Nanzen-ji Temple. In 1325 (Shochu 2), he entered the Yuan Dynasty, and studied under Toyo Tokki (date of birth and death unknown) at Baizhang Mountain, where he inherited the Dharma. In 1332 (Shokei 1, Genko 2), he returned to Japan, and in 1339 (Ryakuo 2, Engen 4), he founded Kichijo-ji Temple in Kozuke. He lived at various temples including Manju-ji, Kennin-ji, Toji, and Kencho-ji, and passed away on January 8, 1375. He is posthumously named Bushu Esai Zen Master. He was a representative early Gozan literary monk, and in addition to his collection of sayings, he also wrote anthologies of poems and prose, such as "Tokai Icchu-shu," "Chu-sho-shi," "Toin Sasai-shu," and "Boshitsu Shuchu-kai."

[Rikizan Ishikawa September 19, 2017]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

南北朝時代から室町初期の臨済(りんざい)宗の僧。初名は至道。中正子、東海一漚子(いちおうし)と別称した。鎌倉の人。寿福寺で出家し、円覚(えんがく)寺の東明慧日(とうみょうえにち)（1272―1340）、永平寺の義雲(ぎうん)（1253―1333）、南禅寺の虎関師錬(こかんしれん)らに歴参。1325年（正中2）入元、百丈山の東陽徳輝(とうようとっき)（生没年不詳）に師事し嗣法(しほう)した。1332年（正慶1・元弘2）帰国、1339年（暦応2・延元4）上野(こうずけ)に吉祥寺(きちじょうじ)を開創。万寿寺、建仁寺、等持寺、建長寺などに歴住し、1375年正月8日示寂。仏種慧済(ぶっしゅえさい)禅師と諡(おくりな)される。初期の代表的五山文学僧で、語録のほかに『東海一漚集』『中正子』『藤陰瑣細(とういんささい)集』『蒲室集註解(ぼしつしゅうちゅうかい)』などの詩文集、著述がある。

［石川力山　2017年9月19日］

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